LIST OF
INTERVIEWS
• Abdel-Haq, Bakir (Kashif, Palestine), July 5,
2021, via Zoom
• Abroun, Ouail (engineer and AI specialist,
Morocco), June 21, 2021, via Zoom
• Abu-Atwan, Helmi (Palestinian Youth
Association for Leadership and Rights Activation
[PYALARA], Palestine), June 12, 2021, via Zoom
• Al-Janahi, Abdul-Aziz (Tahaqaq, Kuwait), June
19, 2021, via Zoom
• Al-Khamayseh, Muhammad (Al Jazeera Center
for Studies, Qatar), July 12, 2021, via email
• Al-Masoudi, Abdullah (Sidq, Yemen), July 8,
2021, via Zoom
• Al-Omari, Najla’a (expert in media literacy,
Egypt), June 22, 2021, via email
• Al-Saadi, Aws (Tech 4 Peace, Iraq), July 14, 2021,
via Zoom
• Al-Shorooqi, Fawaz (expert in media literacy,
Bahrain), June 21, 2021, via email
• Al-Tal, Bayan (Jordan Media Institute, Jordan),
June 20, 2021, via Zoom
• Anonymous (Saheeh Masr, Egypt), July 7, 2021,
via email
• Basbous, Hamza (Haggak Taarif, Jordan), June
17, 2021, via email and Zoom
• El Masri, Azza (Meedan, Lebanon), June 4, 2021,
via Zoom
• El-Missaoui, Najih (Tunisian Association for
Media Education, Tunisia), June 15, 2021, via
Zoom
• Harfouche, Ziad (Fact Check Lebanon, National
News Agency [NNA], Lebanon), June 15, 2021,
via Zoom
• Ibrahim, Dina (Akhbar Meter, Egypt), July 13,
2021, via Zoom
• Ja’afar, Asia (Falso, Libya), July 8, 2021, via
Zoom
• Jaloud, AbdelRahman (Yemeni and Syrian
Archive), August 2, 2021, via Zoom
• La’abi, Yasmin (Tahaqaq, Morocco), July 4, 2021,
via Zoom
• Melki, Jad (Media and Digital Literacy Academy
of Beirut [MDLAB], Lebanon), June 10, 2021, via
Zoom
• Michael, Tony (lawyer specializing in media law,
Lebanon), July 17, 2021, via email
• Primo, Ahmad (Verify, Syria), July 1, 2021, via
Zoom
• Sha’ar, Shadin (Tanbih, Qatar), June 23, 2021,
via Zoom
• Srour, Ali (data scientist and AI innovation
consultant, Lebanon), August 3, 2021, via Zoom
• Taha, Khalid (trainer, MENA region), July 8, 2021,
via Zoom
NOTES
1. Tech 4 Peace, August 30, 2020, https://
www.facebook.com/Tech4Peace/
videos/628551638050562/.
2. All quotations from interviews have been
translated by the authors from Arabic to
English.
3. https://thekatna.gov.jo/watch
4. https://www.jmi.edu.jo/en/MIL-Book-1
5. https://www.jmi.edu.jo/en/MIL-Book-2
6. https://www.jmi.edu.jo/en/MIL-Book-3
7. https://www.jmi.edu.jo/en/
teachers%E2%80%99-guidebook-media-andinformation-literacy-mil-school-clubs
8. https://www.jmi.edu.jo/en/media-andinformation-literacy-textbook-universities
9. http://213.6.8.28:310/records/1/13686.aspx
10. http://mdc.birzeit.edu/page-1040-ar.html
11. https://www.facebook.com/ةيعمجلاةيسنوتلا-ةيبرتلل-ىلع-لئاسومالعإلا-689280404585745/
12. https://alternativemediatn.org/ar/ةحفصلاةيسيئرلا-2/
13. https://www.edumedia.tn/
14. Translated by the authors from https://
factchecklebanon.nna-leb.gov.lb/i/about-us
15. For two examples, see https://bit.ly/3i5qteN
and https://bit.ly/3rF2SVu.
16. The following are two examples of members
of the public interacting with the platform
on Twitter: https://twitter.com/NNALeb/
status/13595555279722061833; https://twitter.
com/NNALeb/status/13548186523488952232.
17. https://haggak.jo/website/
AwarenessMessages.aspx
18. https://haggak.jo/website/Questions.aspx
19. https://www.facebook.com/HaggakJO
20. https://twitter.com/HaggakJO
21. Muath Mbaidheen, May 9, 2021, 22:22,
https://twitter.com/Muath_Mbaidheen/
status/1391488686315999232.
22. @meezo_86, January 13, 2019, 12:34,
https://twitter.com/meezo_86/
status/1084217073264414721.
23. Farah Alkaabneh, January 18, 2019,
13:23, https://twitter.com/farahkaabneh/
status/1086222449639911426.
24. Lina O. Kreishan, May 5, 2021, 15:06,
https://twitter.com/lina_krieshan/
status/1389929529649553410.
25. MOI, April 9, 2020, 9:50, https://twitter.com/
MOInformation/status/1251780293796802560.
26. https://www.idsc.gov.eg/Home/Index
27. http://www.moj.gov.jo/EchoBusV3.0/
SystemAssets/cd516595-1455-4435-b2e8879aa76d3578.pdf (Jordan); ةينانبللا ةعماجلا
| تامولعملا ىلا لوصولا يف قحلا | تاعيرشتلا
I N FO R M ATI O N D I SO R D ER IN THE GLOBA L SOUTH
(ul.edu.lb) (Lebanon); http://www.apip.nat.
tn/apipar/txtreglo/01_Loi_n_22_2016.pdf
(Tunisia); https://www.mmsp.gov.ma/uploads/
documents/Guide_DAI_VersionArabe.pdf
(Morocco); http://agoyemen.net/lib_details.
php?id=195 (Yemen); https://moj.gov.sd/
sudanlaws/#/reader/chapter/362 (Sudan);
https://www.nazaha.gov.kw/AR/Pages/
Request_to_view.aspx (Kuwait)
28. All quotations from legislation have been
translated into English by the authors.
29. @bip_ksa, February 12, 2021,
17:09, https://twitter.com/bip_ksa/
status/1360244717661913094. Authors’
translation.
30. @oman_pp, February 25, 2020,
14:05,https://twitter.com/oman_pp/
status/1232280493711904769.
31. https://chequeado.com/automatizacion/
32. https://fullfact.org/
33. http://www.uaeai.ae/
34. https://sdaia.gov.sa/
35. https://ai.gov.eg/
36. https://www.tanbih.org/
37. https://www.tanbih.org/propagandasubmit
38. https://app.swaggerhub.com/apis/yifan2019/
Tanbih/0.7.0#/default/get_article_bias
39. In addition to the QCRI project, the Maharat
Foundation in Lebanon is currently developing
an in-house fact-checking tool based on AI. It
works on Arabic content, but is still at the datacollection stage.
40. http://www.maharatfoundation.org/ar; https://
economicmedia.net/?p=3133; https://gapp.
aucegypt.edu/ar/centers/kamal-adham-center/
egypt-covid-19-media-relief/health-medicaljournalism-diplomas/fact-checking; https://
institute.aljazeera.net/ar/course/6462
41. https://institute.aljazeera.net/sites/default/files/
ajr/magazine/2019/ ددعلا13 ةفاحصلا ةلجم.pdf
42. https://meedan.com/; https://ar.nawamedia.
org/
43. https://samirkassirfoundation.org/en/HomePage
44. http://www.dawaerfoundation.org/?lang=ar;
https://www.facebook.com/كتحص-نم-ةحصربخلا-101805838163725
45. https://www.facebook.com/UReportLeb;
https://www.facebook.com/UReportLeb/
photos/220685793180913
46. http://mdc.birzeit.edu/page-1091-ar.html;
https://www.qou.edu/ar/viewCmsContentDtl.
do?contentId=69189
47. https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/
d/1nEG0BjNHsMC-5kqHWc3Hq-SNxnVl2O4u/
edit#gid=505222170
Middle East and North Africa – 7 7