209 “Report: No permission to protest,” Free Expression Myanmar, March 26, 2020, https://freeexpressionmyanmar.org/no-permission-toprotest/. 210 “Authorities arrest students over Rakhine internet shutdown protest,” Mizzima, February 26, 2020, http://mizzima.com/article/authorities-arrest-students-over-rakhine-internet-shutdown-protest; Annie Zaman, “Activists demand end to year-long internet disruption in Myanmar's Rakhine and Chin States,” Global Voices Advox, June 26, 2020, https://advox.globalvoices.org/2020/06/26/activists-demand-end-to-year-long-internet-disruption-in-myanmars-rakhine-and-chin-states/; Waiyan Moe Myint [Ye Kaung Myint Maung, Roseanne Gerin], “Six Activists Charged For Protest Against Internet Ban in Myanmar’s Rakhine,” Radio Free Asia, June 24, 2020, https://www.rfa.org/english/news/myanmar/activists-charged-06242020154538.html; All Burma Federation of Student Unions, Facebook post, November 25, 2020, https://www.facebook.com/abfsu.cec/posts/212196590318880?__tn__=R%20%E2%80%9CAuthorities%20arrest%20students%20over%20Rakhine%20internet%20shutdown%20protest; “Court jails Rakhine anti-war protesters for two and a half years,” Myanmar Now, September 17, 2021, https://myanmar-now.org/en/news/court-jails-rakhineanti-war-protesters-for-two-and-a-half-years; Thura Min Zaw, “61 people charged for protesting Rakhine fighting, internet cut,” Myanmar Times, December 24, 2020, https://web.archive.org/web/20201224170127/https://www.mmtimes.com/news/61-people-chargedprotesting-rakhine-fighting-internet-cut.html 211 https://freeexpressionmyanmar.org/5-violations-that-need-addressing-in-protest-law-amendment/ 212 “Statement by Myanmar civil society organisations on the unconstitutionality of new ‘laws’,” Free Expression Myanmar, February 19, 2021, https://freeexpressionmyanmar.org/statement-by-myanmar-civil-society-organisations-on-the-unconstitutionality-of-new-laws/. 213 Melissa Crouch, “Open letter to Association of Asian Constitutional Courts on Myanmar,” Personal blog, June 4, 2021, https://melissacrouch.com/2021/06/04/open-letter-to-association-of-asian-constitutional-courts-on-myanmar/. 214 Sebastian Strangio, “Myanmar Coup Opponents Announce ‘Unity Government’, Interim Constitution,” The Diplomat, April 1, 2021, https://thediplomat.com/2021/04/myanmar-coup-opponents-announce-unity-government-interim-constitution/ 215 Constitution of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar (2008), Article 6(e). 216 Constitution of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar (2008) Article 354(a). 217 Constitution of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar (2008) Article 365. 218 Constitution of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar (2008) Article 354. Article 365 includes a similar broad and vague limitation. 219 Melissa Crouch, "Did the Myanmar Coup Install an Illegitimate President?”, The Diplomat March 11, 2021, https://thediplomat.com/2021/03/did-the-myanmar-coup-install-an-illegitimatepresident/?fbclid=IwAR24enu7S286iV0kpG17srrsbU9cpJ3Q0i3yJc3LlDInhG0AO4XP4A33YFw. 220 https://worldjusticeproject.org/sites/default/files/documents/Myanmar%20%202020%20WJP%20Rule%20of%20Law%20Index%20Country%20Press%20Release.pdf 221 “Myanmar: A year after military takeover, no rule of law or judicial independence,” ICJ, February 10, 2022, https://www.icj.org/myanmar-a-year-after-military-takeover-no-rule-of-law-or-judicial-independence/ 222 “Six risks from Myanmar’s draft Cyber Security Law,” Free Expression Myanmar, February 14, 2021, https://freeexpressionmyanmar.org/six-risks-from-myanmars-draft-cyber-security-law/; “GNI Calls for Withdrawal of Draft Cybersecurity Law in Myanmar,“ Global Network Initiative, January 31, 2022, https://globalnetworkinitiative.org/cybersecurity-law-mm-2022/. 223 “Six risks from Myanmar’s draft Cyber Security Law,” Free Expression Myanmar, February 14, 2021, https://freeexpressionmyanmar.org/six-risks-from-myanmars-draft-cyber-security-law/; “Myanmar’s new Electronic Transactions Law Amendment,” Free Expression Myanmar, February 18, 2021, https://freeexpressionmyanmar.org/myanmars-new-electronictransactions-law-amendment/. 224 “GNI Calls for Withdrawal of Draft Cybersecurity Law in Myanmar,“ Global Network Initiative, January 31, 2022, https://globalnetworkinitiative.org/cybersecurity-law-mm-2022/. 225 “Myanmar’s new Electronic Transactions Law Amendment,” Free Expression Myanmar, February 18, 2021, https://freeexpressionmyanmar.org/myanmars-new-electronic-transactions-law-amendment/. 226 “Myanmar: Penal Code amendments portend long-term repression,” Article 19, February 15, 2021, https://www.article19.org/resources/myanmar-penal-code-amendments-portend-long-term-repression/ 227 https://www.irrawaddy.com/news/burma/myanmar-ruling-council-amends-treason-sedition-laws-protect-coup-makers.html 228 https://freeexpressionmyanmar.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/505a-act-of-revenge-1.pdf 229 Linda Lakhdhir, “Dashed Hopes: The Criminalization of Peaceful Expression in Myanmar,” Human Rights Watch, January 31, 2019, https://www.hrw.org/report/2019/01/31/dashed-hopes/criminalization-peaceful-expression-myanmar. 230 https://www.hrw.org/news/2021/07/21/myanmar-junta-tribunals-impose-65-death-sentences 231 “Myanmar’s new Electronic Transactions Law Amendment,” Free Expression Myanmar, February 18, 2021, https://freeexpressionmyanmar.org/myanmars-new-electronic-transactions-law-amendment/. 232 Other problematic provisions in the Telecommunications Law (2013) include Articles 4, 5-8, 18, 40, 68, and 75-77, see “Telecommunications Law,” Free Expression Myanmar, October 8, 2013, http://freeexpressionmyanmar.org/wpcontent/uploads/2017/07/telecommunications-law-en.pdf. 233 “66(d): no real change,” Free Expression Myanmar, December 2017, http://freeexpressionmyanmar.org/wpcontent/uploads/2017/12/66d-no-real-change.pdf. 234 “As NLD prepares for second term, activists urge defamation reform,” Frontier Myanmar, December 14, 2020, https://www.frontiermyanmar.net/en/as-nld-prepares-for-second-term-activists-urge-defamation-reform/ 235 Tin Htet Paing, “Critics Skeptical of New Privacy Legislation,” The Irrawaddy, March 15, 2017, https://www.irrawaddy.com/news/burma/critics-skeptical-of-new-privacy-legislation.html. 236 0 င ် သ ံ ားများ၏ ပ0ဂိML လ်ဆင 0ိ ရ ် ာလွတလ ် ပ်မ4 , င 5 ့် “Privacy Amendment welcome but insufficient to address misuse of defamation — 4ိင ပ0ဂိML လ်ဆင 0ိ ရ ် ာလံြ0 ခံMမ,ကိ0 ကာကွယေ ် ပးေရး ဥပေဒြပင်ဆင်ချက်သည် :ကိMဆိဖ 0 ွယ ရ ် ာ ြဖစ်ေသာ်လည်း အသေရဖျက်မ4 , င 5 ပ ့် တ်သက်၍ လွမ ဲ ာ5 းေနေသာြပဿနာများကိ0 ေြဖS5ငး် ရန် လံေ 0 လာက်ြပည့စ ် မ 0ံ မ , S5ိေပ,” Free Expression Myanmar, September 7, 2020, https://freeexpressionmyanmar.org/privacy-amendment-welcome-but-insufficient-to-address-misuse-of-defamation/ 237 Myanmar Military Junta Suspends Laws Protecting Citizens’ Privacy to Crack Down on Opposition,” The Irrawaddy, February 14, 2021, https://www.irrawaddy.com/news/burma/myanmar-military-junta-suspends-laws-protecting-citizens-privacy-crack-opposition.html. 238 “Pyidaungsu Hluttaw Law No. 3/2019 - Trademark Law,” Myanmar Law Library, 2019, https://perma.cc/58F4-3NWU; “Myanmar Passes Long-Awaited Trademark Law,” Tilleke & Gibbins, February 1, 2019, https://www.tilleke.com/resources/myanmar-passes-longawaited-trademark-law. 239 Yuwadee Thean-ngarm, Sher Hann Chua and Nwe Oo, “Myanmar Passes Patent Law,” Lexology, March 14, 2019, https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=37278f03-6667-47c9-a531-5bb7f92c0ddc. 240 Sher Hann Chua and Khin Myo Myo Aye, “Myanmar Enacts Copyright Law,” Lexology, May 24, 2019, https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=89cfb0ea-acf2-4c3a-aea0-40ebd097deaf. 241 ““Hate speech” committee threatens more censorship,” Free Expression Myanmar, July 16, 2021, https://freeexpressionmyanmar.org/hate-speech-committee-threatens-more-censorship/ ် ပ်မ/ - ြမန်မာ2ိင 4 င ် ံ Free Expression Myanmar (FEM) and Freedom House - Freedom of the Net: Myanmar - အင်တာနက်ေပ*တွင် လွတလ