The GBV proliferating in online platforms is particularly targeted towards female members of the Tatmadaw and police or female family members with the intention of defamation. “A few days ago, I saw on the news - I don’t know if it’s a rumor or fake news but it’s everywhere on social media someone from Mawlamyaing, a wife of a soldier, she slept with 3 other soldiers, and people were making fun of her [...].” (FGD_07) While many supported GBV against military supporters in the online space, some disagree with this method of punishment, particularly women. “[...] I disagree so much with that kind of behavior, because for so long in this country and many countries, whenever we have a sex tape leaked, it’s always on us, on women, why us? Why is it the women who have to take that punishment? Why can’t they punish her in another way? That she is a wife of a killer, or soldier, but they would rather leak a video of sex and shame her, [...]. (now) we can humiliate a woman with sex, and that’s not ok.” (FGD_07) (Female) 38 4.4 ONLINE - OFFLINE New digital technologies have created an expansive world in which youth are living out a significant proportion of their daily lives. It is a world that is co-constructed through acts of communication, and it allows for infinite enactments of this both within, and outside of geographical, political, ethnic, cultural, economic, and other boundaries. The significance of this parallel world lies in the ways in which it affects the lives of people, whether they are participating or not. The divide between what happens online and what happens offline are fast dissolving and Myanmar’s youth have been experiencing this more explicitly now than they have ever before. Engagement in any activity deemed unlawful, such as social punishment online, or simply contacting or communicating with an individual or group declared to be unlawful can result in arrest. One participant did not realize their camera was on for several minutes during a politically sensitive online call, and reports having had police asking for him by name in his street two days later. Another expressed receiving threatening text messages to their personal number shortly following an online post. It is not, however, only a risk to safety that was identified, but the impact of social punishment and hate speech in shaping societal norms and impacting wellbeing. A link was also made between the increased time spent online and the consumption on the one hand of violent content online, and on the other, of news related to the COVID-19 pandemic, in particular the surge in cases that occurred between June – August 2021. “We spend too much time online, and this can eventually lead to emotional and psychological harm, not just because of COVID-19 but also since the military coup. We are not happy anymore and don’t know what to do.” (FGD_02) (Female) “The Facebook environment had been too toxic for me because every day I have only been seeing depressing news in June and July.” (FGD_02) (Female) Participants remained concerned about the effects of misinformation when it came to health-related issues. For instance a FDG participant explored the link between online activities and offline consequences. “There are links between online and real life, especially with elderly people, when they look at news on Facebook for example with covid related information, after reading instructions and do the actions in real life even though medically they are not relevant.” (FGD_01) Mention was also made about the performative potential of online space; the ways in which identities are enacted online and the (un)reality of this, in particular referring to those that purport to be avid supporters of the resistance yet may do little in practice.