person needs to be punished, we need to express that. If that person is not punished, the limit we should set is that ok this person is still not punished even though he killed another person, but we shouldn’t go beyond that. The killer also has human rights, he also has to be punished, he cannot escape justice and enjoy impunity, but when we do punishment, it should be done in accordance with the law. We cannot be the judge of his crime.” (FGD_02) “I’m ok with boycott, but I have mixed feelings on social punishment, especially in this moment, while people are suffering, prices are higher than usual, especially doing social punishment for nonCDMers, people are trying to survive the best way they can and get whatever job they can. We can’t provide enough for every CDMer, so it is kind of difficult to do social punishment on them. At the start of the coup, it was ok but not anymore now.” (FGD_06) “It’s not a list of things that I shouldn’t do, but more of a feeling you got to read the room, not just for expression, but for everything in life, being able to read the room, and be conscious of everything that is happening around me. There are times that my input may be needed and times where my input is not needed and I operate according to that.” (FGD_06) (Male) “I try to analyze the depth of the topic first, is it beneficial, influential, relevant. The second thing I do is to think of the audiences, those that are going to be a part of this topic, sometimes even if it’s right, you cannot say or do the right thing because the time is not right.” (FGD_07) (Male) “In the beginning I shared news that is shocking without thinking about it – but lately we have been consuming so much about death and violence, and there have been so many photos that are graphic, I try to share less now, because I think that it could be disrespectful for those who have died.” (FGD_05) (Female) “Among ourselves we know its justifiable, people have been cornered, they don’t have a voice publicly so they go to the comment section and hash it out but to some, to onlookers, they might think of us as bloodthirsty people who have totally lost their humanity. Moving forward I think that this mentality, especially when it comes to commenting on Facebook needs to be changed.” (FGD_07) (Male) Gender-Based Violence Due to the patriarchal norms and practices Myanmar faces some of the highest rates of GBV in the region. The UN states that violence against women and girls is a ‘silent emergency’ in Myanmar (Base, 2016), embedded in prolonged complex conflict dynamics, chronic poverty and vulnerability to natural hazards. This is further exacerbated by the COVID-19 crisis. One report claimed that during the first wave of COVID-19 alone, there was a 7-fold increase in GBV cases (Thompson, 2020). In post-coup Myanmar, GBV has exploded both in online and offline spaces. In most instances, the GBV is inflicted as a social punishment for those who are aligned with the military or are sympathetic to the military. “For me, some instances I have seen online are where people post inappropriate photos of people affiliated or siding with the military or being dalan. I’ve seen inappropriate images, almost nude photos of women they claim are promilitary, photos that are meant to be private.” (FGD_05) (Female) “Soon after the coup there were sex tapes of female police and in the past when those videos came out, women would help each other to remove them from the internet. After the coup when those videos came out, even the women won’t protect female police anymore. We have to do social punishment to the direct individual perpetrating violence – not their relatives.” (FGD_01) (Female) 37