9/24/21, 8:39 PM The State of Internet Censorship in Myanmar | OONI Following the enactment of the Information Technology Law, the government began the issuing of ISP licenses to new operators in 2013 in an effort to open up Myanmar’s telecommunications market. With the entry of two foreign operators Ooredoo and Telenor in the local mobile market leading to the emergence of cheap mobile internet and improved telecommunication infrastructure, internet penetration rates skyrocketed to 12.6% in 2015, with it currently growing at 19.3% in 2016. The table below illustrates some of the main providers in Myanmar. Mobile Operators/ISPs Fixed Internet Mobile Internet Myanmar Posts and Telecom (MPT) X X Yatanarpon Telecom Company X X Telenor Myanmar Limited X Ooredoo Myanmar Limited X Global Technology Co., Ltd X Fiber Link Myanmar Co., Ltd X Fortune Broadband X Elite Tech X WeLink X Amara Communications Co., Ltd X Bluewave X AGB X Spectrum Life Net Core X Myanmar Net X Legal environment Freedom of expression Telecommunications Law 2013 The 2013 Telecommunications Law restricts speech via telecommunications equipment. Section 66D prohibits the “extortion, coercion, wrongful restrainment, defamation, undue influence or threatening of any person” using any telecommunications networks. The use of such subjective terms imposes on the criminal liability of the speech of any telecommunications user. https://ooni.org/post/myanmar-report/ 5/19

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