The‌‌Instagram‌‌activity‌‌was‌‌crude‌‌and‌‌spammy,‌‌and‌‌organized‌‌around‌‌a‌‌handful‌‌of‌‌hashtags.‌‌Two‌‌ of‌‌them‌‌were‌‌in‌‌English:‌‌#AstraZenecakills‌‌and‌‌#AstraZenecalies,‌‌in‌‌addition‌‌to‌‌their‌‌equivalents‌‌ in‌‌Portuguese:‌‌#AstraZenecamata‌‌and‌‌#AstraZenecamente.‌‌The‌‌last‌‌one‌‌was‌‌ #stopAstraZeneca.‌‌The‌‌operation‌‌likely‌‌originated‌‌these‌‌hashtags:‌‌neither‌‌#astrazenecakills,‌‌ #stopastrazeneca‌‌nor‌‌#astrazenecalies‌‌appeared‌‌to‌‌have‌‌been‌‌used‌‌on‌‌Instagram‌‌before.‌‌ Between‌‌December‌‌14‌‌and‌‌December‌‌21,‌‌about‌‌10,000‌‌posts‌‌that‌‌included‌‌the‌‌operation's‌‌ hashtags‌‌were‌‌made,‌‌often‌‌with‌‌links‌‌to‌‌the‌‌operation's‌‌off-platform‌‌articles.‌ ‌ Most‌‌of‌‌the‌‌accounts‌‌posted‌‌these‌‌hashtags‌‌dozens‌‌or‌‌hundreds‌‌of‌‌times‌‌in‌‌quick‌‌succession,‌‌ likely‌‌automated,‌‌with‌‌some‌‌detected‌‌and‌‌disabled‌‌by‌‌our‌‌automated‌‌systems.‌‌While‌‌the‌‌ volume‌‌was‌‌high,‌‌the‌‌campaign‌‌saw‌‌minimal‌‌success.‌‌On‌‌one‌‌of‌‌the‌‌hashtags‌‌used‌‌by‌‌the‌‌ operation,‌‌the‌‌top-performing‌‌post‌‌received‌‌five‌‌likes,‌‌whereas‌‌the‌‌vast‌‌majority‌‌got‌‌zero.‌‌ Altogether,‌‌the‌‌operation’s‌‌Instagram‌‌posts‌‌attracted‌‌around‌‌1,000‌‌likes‌‌combined,‌‌with‌‌most‌‌ receiving‌‌zero.‌ ‌ In‌‌another‌‌sign���‌of‌‌the‌‌sloppy‌‌nature‌‌of‌‌this‌‌campaign,‌‌most‌‌of‌‌the‌‌posts‌‌that‌‌used‌‌ Portuguese-language‌‌hashtags‌‌between‌‌December‌‌14‌‌and‌‌December‌‌16‌‌attached‌‌them‌‌to‌‌ Hindi-language‌‌memes.‌‌From‌‌December‌‌17‌‌onwards,‌‌they‌‌accompanied‌‌the‌‌hashtags‌‌with‌‌the‌‌ same‌‌memes,‌‌but‌‌translated‌‌into‌‌Spanish.‌‌(“AstraZeneca‌‌mata”,‌‌“AstraZeneca‌‌kills”,‌ ‌is‌‌the‌‌same‌‌ in‌‌Spanish‌‌and‌‌Portuguese,‌‌whereas‌‌“AstraZeneca‌‌lies”‌‌is‌‌“AstraZeneca‌‌mente”‌‌in‌‌Portuguese,‌‌ but‌‌“AstraZeneca‌‌miente”‌‌in‌‌Spanish.)‌‌Perhaps‌‌not‌‌surprisingly,‌‌this‌‌spammy‌‌amplification‌‌also‌‌ failed‌‌to‌‌attract‌‌attention.‌ ‌ Image‌ ‌ Meme‌‌posted‌‌by‌‌one‌‌of‌‌the‌‌Instagram‌‌accounts‌‌ on‌‌December‌‌15,‌‌2020.‌‌The‌‌meme‌‌was‌‌in‌‌Hindi,‌‌ but‌‌the‌‌account‌‌had‌‌an‌‌English‌‌name.‌‌It‌‌was‌‌ operated‌‌from‌‌Russia,‌‌and‌‌it‌‌used‌‌a‌‌Portuguese‌‌ hashtag.‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ JULY‌‌2021‌‌COORDINATED‌‌INAUTHENTIC‌‌BEHAVIOR‌‌REPORT‌ 12‌ ‌