Miller, Greg, and Souad Mekhennet. “Inside the Surreal World of the Islamic State’s Propaganda Machine” The Washington Post (November 2015) Available here. Paul, Christopher; Colin P. Clarke; Michael Schwille; Jakub P. Hlávka; Michael A. Brown; Steven S. Davenport; Isaac R. Porche III; and Joel Harding. Chapter 10 “Al-Qaeda” in Lessons from Others for Future U.S. Army Operations in and Through the Information Environment: CASE STUDIES, Rand Corporation (2018). Available here. Paul, Christopher; Colin P. Clarke; Michael Schwille; Jakub P. Hlávka; Michael A. Brown; Steven S. Davenport; Isaac R. Porche III; and Joel Harding. Chapter 11 “ISIL/Daesh” in Lessons from Others for Future U.S. Army Operations in and Through the Information Environment: CASE STUDIES, Rand Corporation (2018). Available here. Pauwels, Lieven; Fabienne Brion; Nele Schils; Julianne Laffineur; Antoinette Verhage et al. Explaining and Understanding the Role of Exposure to New Social Media on Violent Extremism: an Integrative Quantitative and Qualitative Approach. Academia Press. (Gent; 2014) Available here. Pearson, Elizabeth. “Online as the New Frontline: Affect, Gender, and ISIS-Take-Down on Social Media.” Studies in Conflict & Terrorism 41:11 (2017). Available here. Ramsay, Gilbert. “Consuming the jihad: An enquiry into the subculture of Internet jihadism.” University of St. Andrews (2011) Available here. Shultz, David. “Predicting #Terrorism with Social Media” Pacific Standard (June 2016) Available here. Silke, Andrew. “The Internet & Terrorist Radicalization: The Psychological Dimension.” Terrorism and the Internet: Threats – Target Groups – Deradicalization Strategies (Vol. 67, pp. 27-39). Available here. Theohary, Catherine, and John Rollins. “Terrorist Use of the Internet: Information Operations in Cyberspace” (Congressional Research Service (CRS): March, 2011) Available here. University of Miami. "Analyzing how ISIS recruits through social media: Researchers apply the laws of physics to study how terrorist support groups grow online, and how law enforcement can track activities." ScienceDaily. (June 2016) Available here. Vidino, Lorenzo, and Seamus Hughes, “ISIS in America: From ReTweets to Raqqa” (Program on Extremism GWU: December 2015) Available here. Von Behr, Ines; Anais Reding; Charlie Edwards; Luke Gribbon. “Radicalisation in the Digital Era: The use of the internet in 15 cases of terrorism and extremism.” RAND Europe (2013). Available here. Walsh, Declan, and Suliman Ali Zway. “Facebook War: Libyans Battle on the Streets and on Screens” The New York Times (September 2018) Available here. Walter, Barbara F. “Internet Propaganda and the Recruitment and Radicalization of Foreign Citizens,” conference proceedings: 2016 Peace Science Workshop: The Impact of Intra-war Processes on Postconflict Outcomes (UNC Chapel Hill: 2016). Available here. MERCY CORPS The Weaponization of Social Media: How social media can spark violence and what can be done about it 38

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