Table A20: Adjusted risk ratios for the association between technology-facilitated child
sexual exploitation and abuse and suicidal thoughts and behaviours and self-harm, by country
(2020–2025).
Suicidal thoughts or
behaviours
Acts of self-harm
Country
Effect Size [CI]
Effect Size [CI]
Armenia
5.15 [3.58, 7.42] ***
13.24 [6.1, 28.74]***
Brazil
2.39 [1.83, 3.11]***
4.13 [2.65, 6.43]***
Cambodia
4.67 [3.37, 6.48]***
3.45 [2.13, 5.58]***
Colombia
2.64 [1.96, 3.55]***
2.65 [1.46, 4.83]**
Dominican Republic
2.32 [1.71, 3.16]***
1.98 [1.04, 3.75]*
Ethiopia
2.2 [1.72, 2.81]***
1.66 [1.03, 2.66]*
Indonesia
4.93 [3.05, 7.96]***
4.38 [1.82, 10.56]**
Kenya
2.22 [1.9, 2.6]***
2.29 [1.82, 2.87]***
Malaysia
8.38 [4.87, 14.42]***
13.08 [4.94, 34.63]***
Mexico
8.95 [5.42, 14.75]***
12.5 [5.74, 27.2]***
Montenegro
5.3 [2.36, 11.9]***
8.46 [2.3, 31.11]**
Mozambique
3.08 [2.38, 3.97]***
2.94 [1.88, 4.61]***
Namibia
2.57 [1.85, 3.58]***
2.52 [1.7, 3.75]***
North Macedonia
8.64 [2.85, 26.19]***
9.43 [3.25, 27.41]***
Pakistan
13.63 [6.3, 29.49]***
8.46 [3.71, 19.32]***
Philippines
2.75 [2.13, 3.55]***
3.31 [1.93, 5.66]***
Serbia
1.57 [0.73, 3.38]
92.35 [9.65, 883.53]***
Tanzania
3.81 [2.59, 5.6]***
3.32 [2.06, 5.35]***
Thailand
15.17 [8.51, 27.03]***
23.15 [10.13, 52.89]***
Uganda
1.52 [1.33, 1.75]***
1.81 [1.46, 2.25]***
Viet Nam
6.45 [3.6, 11.57]***
6.34 [2.6, 15.45]***
Average
5.2
10.5
Median
3.81
4.13
Key: * = p<.05; ** = p<0.01; *** = p<0.001
Through Children’s Eyes
Appendix
92
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