The use of digital security applications, often recommended in training, presents a dilemma for journalists in Myanmar. Such tools can arouse suspicion during military inspections, and practical challenges render password managers and encryption tools less effective. Journalists might find themselves in areas without network access, lacking the time to secure their data, or else compelled to unlock encrypted files in the face of immediate threats. Moreover, the advice to migrate entirely to secure communication platforms proves impossible, as it disconnects journalists from their essential relational networks. Beyond journalists’ individual capacity, we also note how resource allocation within media organisations is notably skewed. Ethnic and independent media operate with significant financial and operational limitations. Alongside the challenges in implementing contextual, sufficient organisational security protocols across different media houses, long-standing issues such as wage disparities among journalists persist. Throughout the report, we underscore the necessity of a holistic approach to security. In addition to enhancing digital savviness, security training must consider the need to safeguard physical and psychological well-being, implement organisational security protocols, and, most importantly, actively involve journalists in the training design. 6