discussed below) generated personal and institutional revenue as well as providing
strategic advantages. Tatmadaw and its linked companies and enterprises
occupied large tracts of land, particularly those close to roads from which
extraction and transportation were more efficient but which were also
strategically important for military movements. . . . Often, however, the
military units occupied far more land than they officially required for their
airfields or military bases, often multiple times that amount. They
compensated local people from whom they seized the land poorly and
sometimes not at all, selling extra land to other Myanmar businesses or
Chinese companies. (Felbab-Brown, 2017, p. 11)
By maintaining such a strong physical presence, the military kept pressure on the ethnic
populations to comply with military demands and suppress rebellion. Furthermore,
remaining in the region also allowed the Tatmadaw to continue closely monitoring
operations to ensure it would reap the benefits of various resource economies in the
region. The fact that the Tatmadaw also sold land to other state-owned and militarylinked companies further supports the argument that the top concerns of military and top
generals has always been their economic success and longevity.
Furthermore, despite the 2016 NLD government, illegal logging and trading
continued to undermine the intent of new government reform policies and decreased
economic incentives for peace agreements in the region (Felbab-Brown, 2017). This
could not have happened without the explicit consent of military units in the area.
Individual military commanders benefited directly by allowing the collection of taxes in
exchange for allowing loggers and traders to continue their activities unabated. After
growing international criticism regarding the destruction of Burma’s forests, Burma and
China struck a new trade deal that
banned export of unprocessed logs from Burma, unless through Yangon
and under the auspices of the state-run MTE... The Myanmar government
also imposed an additional timber export ban... These policies also
51