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Mobile Myanmar: The Impact of Social Media on Young People Living in Conflict-Affected Regions of Myanmar 10. How do you like to interact on social media? Select as many as needed: Posting or sharing news and information Posting about my life Posting selfies Commenting Posting reactions and/or emoticons Sharing health tips Sharing news about scholarships and educational opportunities Other [please write] 11. Do you use any Apps / Platforms to read current events news? Circle one: Yes No If you circled ‘Yes’, Which Apps / Platforms do you use for reading current events/news? 12. Do you get more news from Social Apps/Platforms or traditional media? Select one answer only: Social Apps / Platforms Traditional Media (i.e., newspapers, radio, TV) I use bot, equally 13. How often do you trust information that you see on social media? Select one answer only: Always Often/Usually Sometimes Seldomly Almost never 117

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Mobile Myanmar: The impact of social media on young people in conflict-affected regions of Myanmar

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Language

English

Topic

Hate Speech
Internet Connectivity / Accessibility

Author(s)

Save the Children
The University of Sydney

Date Published: Nov 1, 2019

Abstract: The advent of social media in Myanmar following the transition towards civilian rule announced in 2011 has given young people an important new platform for civic engagement and expression, and access to information and knowledge. But while young people are highly engaged with social media and its potential to bring benefits to their daily lives, this research reveals a number of alarming trends. Emerging new dangers such as online sexual harassment and hate speech are widespread and deeply concerning, and threaten to impact the safety and participation of girls and minority groups. Most young people lack the digital citizenship skills required to protect themselves from the online dangers and emotional and mental health impacts of social media highlighted in this report. The study finds evidence that young people across Myanmar suffer from ‘hate speech fatigue’, often exacerbated by repeat exposure to fake news and propaganda targeting specific communities. Over time, this effect limits young Myanmar users’ willingness to seek out and engage with reporting and blocking functions that may help combat fake news and hate speech online. Understanding the impact of social media on social and political discourse in Myanmar is of urgent, critical importance. While the young people in this study saw great potential for social media to increase empathy and understanding between different groups, the struggle to curb anti-Muslim hate speech in particular, and the structural and violent oppression it begets, is still very real. As recent global events have shown, democratic processes are especially vulnerable to disinformation campaigns and the spread of fake news and hate speech. Myanmar’s democracy is still new, and with elections upcoming in 2020, social media could very well play a role in shifting voter attitudes, especially among young people.

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Mobile Myanmar: The impact of social media on young people in conflict-affected regions of Myanmar

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