Content Analysis of the Buthidaung Incident 18 May to 31 May, 2024 A fter Operation 1027, the Arakan Army (AA), now known as the Arakha Army, advanced their attacks against the Myanmar military and controlled most parts of northern Rakhine state. On May 17, the AA captured Buthidaung township where Rohingya constituted about 80 percent of the population. Following the seizure of Buthidaung, there were reports of Rohingya houses being burnt and about one hundred Rohingya civilians being killed. Both 195 Myanmar civil society organizations and international communities including the UN condemned the incident and called for accountability. This study aimed to explore how this particular incident was portrayed or perceived on social media, particularly, (i) Accountability, (ii) Islamophobia, (iii) Humanitarian aspect, and (iv) Perception of the responses of civil society organizations, international communities, and media. Facebook content analysis: To capture the messages related to the incidents, we decided to collect posts and messages from Facebook pages and Telegram channels from the day of the seizure of the township for two weeks. A total of 1,239 posts from monitored Facebook pages related to Buthidaung incidents were collected, but only 57 posts were related to the contents we are concerned about. The contents related to “Islamophobia” (19 posts) were very common among the posts posted on Facebook after the incident indicating prejudices, hatred, stigmatization, and discrimination against the Rohingya people. 11 posts were calls for accountability. 13 posts were the contents related to the protection of civilians, humanitarian assistance, and transparency of information, and six posts were promoting “peaceful coexistence among two communities”. There were a few posts indicating negative perceptions toward NGOs/CSOs, media, and international communities regarding the way they responded to the incident. Fig.1. Types of content from Facebook pages Fig.2. Contents of Facebook posts