BSR | Human Rights Impact Assessment: Facebook in Myanmar
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Security: As specified in Article 3 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) and
Article 20 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), everyone has the
right to life, liberty, and security of person, and advocacy of national, racial, or religious hatred
that constitutes incitement to discrimination, hostility, or violence should be prohibited by law. This
covers life, liberty, and bodily security impacts arising from hate speech, misinformation intended
to incite or exacerbate violence or coordinate harm, and the use of data illegitimately acquired
from Facebook users.
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Privacy: As specified in Article 12 of the UDHR and Article 17 of the ICCPR, no one shall be
subjected to arbitrary interference with his or her privacy, family, home, or correspondence, nor to
attacks upon his or her honor and reputation, and everyone has the right to the protection of the
law against such interference or attacks. This impact covers data requests from law enforcement
agencies, content that violates the privacy rights of users (such as ID numbers, personal photos,
passwords, and phone numbers) being posted on Facebook, or the hacking of private information
by malicious actors.
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Freedom of Expression: As specified in Articles 19 and 20 of the UDHR and Article 19 of the
ICCPR, everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression and the right to freedom of
peaceful assembly and association. This covers impacts such as the overbroad removal of
content (for example content intended to expose rather than encourage human rights violations),
content restrictions demanded by government, and the potential blocking of Facebook by the
government.
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Children’s Rights: As specified in Article 25 of the UDHR and Article 10 of the International
Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights (ICESCR), motherhood and childhood are
entitled to special care and assistance. This covers impacts such as children accessing
inappropriate content on Facebook or being communicated with on Facebook in ways that may
result in real world harm, such as psychological harm, trafficking, or sexual exploitation.
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Non-Discrimination: As specified in Article 2 of the UDHR, everyone is entitled to all human
rights, without distinction of any kind, such as race, color, sex, language, religion, political or other
opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status. This covers impacts such as
content on Facebook that harasses users based on their characteristics or increased Facebook
use benefiting men more than women.
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Access to Culture: As specified in Article 27 of the UDHR, everyone has the right to freely
participate in the cultural life of the community, to enjoy the arts, and to share in scientific
advancement and its benefits. This covers opportunities such as promoting quality content on
Facebook and supporting digital literacy.
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Standard of Living: As specified in Article 25 of the UDHR and Article 11 of the ICESCR,
everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of himself
and of his or her family. This includes opportunities to promote the development of e-commerce
on Facebook (such as digital payments and Facebook Marketplace) that could increase access to
economic opportunity and improved standard of living.
It is noteworthy that several human rights impacts often identified for companies are not listed as priorities
in this case for Facebook, including workplace health and safety, land rights, and labor rights.