BSR | Human Rights Impact Assessment: Facebook in Myanmar 9 Where appropriate, in areas of armed conflict, we broaden this baseline universe to include relevant aspects of humanitarian law contained in the Geneva Conventions. BSR’s HRIA methodology identifies actual and potential human rights impacts and the human rights risks and opportunities arising from those impacts. BSR’s HRIA methodology also prioritizes human rights, using factors contained in principles 19 and 24 of the UNGPs, such as: » » » » » » Scope—How many people could be affected by the harm/opportunity? Scale—How serious are the impacts for the victim? Remediability—Will a remedy restore the victim to the same or equivalent position before the harm? Likelihood—What is the likelihood of the impact occurring? Attribution—How closely would Facebook be connected to the human rights impact? Leverage—How much leverage does Facebook have to influence the impact? There is significant overlap of rights in international human rights instruments. Our HRIA methodology accounts for this overlap and is based on a single list of all the relevant rights, categorized into businessrelevant groupings such as privacy, freedom of expression, security, community, and nondiscrimination. We use these groupings to make the assessment more actionable for the company. Rightsholder and Stakeholder Engagement Effective human rights due diligence requires meaningful engagement with rightsholders—people whose human rights may be impacted by the company. Particular attention should be paid to human rights impacts on individuals from groups or populations that may be at heightened risk of vulnerability or marginalization. As a result, many of the BSR conclusions and recommendations focus on activists, marginalized groups, and other users facing the most severe risks, rather than the general population. BSR engaged directly with rightsholders and stakeholders in Myanmar. For reasons of safety and business continuity, the identities of the individuals and organizations we consulted are being kept confidential. These rightsholders and stakeholders included human rights defenders, digital rights activists, civil society organizations, (including both local organizations and local offices of international organizations), nonprofit organizations, trade organizations, technology start-ups, development organizations, government representatives, and international companies investing in Myanmar. In total, BSR undertook direct consultation with around 60 potentially affected rightsholders and stakeholders during two visits to Myanmar by BSR staff as well as interviews with relevant Facebook employees. Project Timeline and Segments BSR undertook this HRIA between May and September 2018. BSR’s HRIA process is summarized in the table below. For reasons of timing and logistics, key elements of these project segments were undertaken concurrently, rather than sequentially.