Other problematic provisions in the Telecommunications Law (2013) include Articles 4, 5-8, 18, 40, 68, and 75-77, see “Telecommunications Law,”
Free Expression Myanmar, October 8, 2013, http://freeexpressionmyanmar.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/telecommunications-law-en.pdf.
354
Moe Myint, “Activists Deem Amendments to Article 66(d) ‘Ineffective’,” The Irrawaddy, August 2, 2017,
https://www.irrawaddy.com/news/burma/activists-deem-amendments-article-66d-ineffective.html; Oliver Spencer, Zar Chi Oo, and Yin Yadanar
Thein, “The 66(d) amendment: tinkering at the edges,” Frontier, September 15, 2017, https://frontiermyanmar.net/en/the-66d-amendment-tinkeringat-the-edges.
355
Shoon Naing and Yimou Lee, “Myanmar retains tough clause in communications law despite calls for repeal,” Reuters, August 18, 2017,
https://www.reuters.com/article/us-myanmar-media/myanmar-retains-tough-clause-in-communications-law-despite-calls-for-repealidUSKCN1AY13J.
356
“66(d): no real change,” Free Expression Myanmar, December 2017, http://freeexpressionmyanmar.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/66d-no-realchange.pdf.
357
“Myanmar: Worsening Climate for Free Expression despite UN Commitments,” Article 19, May 2019, https://perma.cc/MY2C-24QE.
358
Linda Lakhdhir, “Dashed Hopes: The Criminalization of Peaceful Expression in Myanmar,” Human Rights Watch, January 31, 2019,
https://www.hrw.org/report/2019/01/31/dashed-hopes/criminalization-peaceful-expression-myanmar.
359
Tin Htet Paing, “Critics Skeptical of New Privacy Legislation,” The Irrawaddy, March 15, 2017, https://www.irrawaddy.com/news/burma/criticsskeptical-of-new-privacy-legislation.html.
360
The State Law and Order Restoration Council, “The Computer Science Development Law, No. 10/96,” September 20, 1996,
https://www.burmalibrary.org/docs6/Computer_Science_Development_Law.pdf.
ÿ newly designed Electronic Contact
361
Nai Lin Aung, “အသစ္ေ◌ရးqဆဲ သည္◌ ့ အီ လကÀ—\2“စ္ဥေပဒ ေ◌လ့လာအႀကံ ◌ျပဳရန္ မၾကာမီထ4 တ္◌ျပ—2÷ယိ◊ [A
353
Cooperation Law may be released soon],” 7Day Daily, December 14, 2014,
https://web.archive.org/web/20150501215758/http://7daydaily.com/story/26977.
362
“MCRB provides initial comments to government on the draft cybersecurity framework, and discusses cybersecurity with MPs,” Myanmar Centre
for Responsible Business, February 4, 2019, https://www.myanmar-responsiblebusiness.org/news/draft-cybersecurity-framework.html; Htoo Thant,
“Japan helps Myanmar to enact cybersecurity law,” Myanmar Times, January 15, 2019, https://www.mmtimes.com/news/japan-helps-myanmarenact-cybersecurity-law.html.
363
Feedback from those present in early meetings, Yangon, February 25, 2019.
364
Htoo Thant, “Govt considering new cyber law, minister says,” Myanmar Times, December 13, 2018, https://www.mmtimes.com/news/govtconsidering-new-cyber-law-minister-says.html.
365
Discussions from participants at the Myanmar Digital Rights Forum, January 18, 2019.
366
Aung Phay Kyi Soe, “Bill seeks to control news of outbreaks in Myanmar,” Myanmar Times, February 24, 2020,
https://www.mmtimes.com/news/bill-seeks-control-news-outbreaks.html.
367
“Pyidaungsu Hluttaw Law No. 3/2019 - Trademark Law,” Myanmar Law Library, 2019, https://perma.cc/58F4-3NWU; “Myanmar Passes LongAwaited Trademark Law,” Tilleke & Gibbins, February 1, 2019, https://www.tilleke.com/resources/myanmar-passes-long-awaited-trademark-law.
368
Yuwadee Thean-ngarm, Sher Hann Chua and Nwe Oo, “Myanmar Passes Patent Law,” Lexology, March 14, 2019,
https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=37278f03-6667-47c9-a531-5bb7f92c0ddc.
369
Sher Hann Chua and Khin Myo Myo Aye, “Myanmar Enacts Copyright Law,” Lexology, May 24, 2019,
https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=89cfb0ea-acf2-4c3a-aea0-40ebd097deaf.
370
“Anti-Hate Speech draft law submitted to Myanmar parliament,” Coconuts Yangon, September 28, 2017, https://coconuts.co/yangon/news/antihate-speech-draft-law-submitted-parliament/.
371
Ei Ei Toe Lwin, “Draft hate speech bill sent to parliament,” Myanmar Times, September 27, 2017, https://www.mmtimes.com/news/draft-hatespeech-bill-sent-parliament.html.
372
Personal communications with members of the Harmony Working Group, Yangon, February 2018.
373
“Hate speech Directive threatens free expression in election countdown,” Free Expression Myanmar, April 22, 2020,
http://freeexpressionmyanmar.org/hate-speech-directive-threatens-free-expression-in-election-countdown/.
374 ၂၀၁၉ ခ42 Eစ်လွ တ်လပ်စွ◌ွ◌ာထ4 တ်ဖ ◌ွ◌ာ◌်ဖ ပွာဆ ◌4ခွင ◌်အဖ ခအေဖ
“
[Freedom of expression cases in 2019],” Athan, February 27, 2020,
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Zy1jQEUMtxf_WOskQe1DgLd6C40-xkcJ/view?fbclid=IwAR2d9eWMr-R5wbJgfaLPifXUj66InG25mNRiFB_nUPNDAGv3J-NQBibkzs.
375
Khin Myat Myat Wai, “Athan: 250 people face charges for social media posts,” Myanmar Times, September 4, 2019,
https://www.mmtimes.com/news/athan-250-people-face-charges-social-media-posts.html.
376 ၂၀၁၉ ခ42 Eစ်လွ တ်လပ်စွ◌ွ◌ာထ4 တ်ဖ ◌ွ◌ာ◌်ဖ ပွာဆ ◌4ခွင ◌်အဖ ခအေဖ
“
[Freedom of expression cases in 2019],” Athan, February 27, 2020,
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Zy1jQEUMtxf_WOskQe1DgLd6C40-xkcJ/view?fbclid=IwAR2d9eWMr-R5wbJgfaLPifXUj66InG25mNRiFB_nUPNDAGv3J-NQBibkzs. Also see Htike Nanda Win, “Report: Most complaints under Section 66(d) made by
officials,” Myanmar Times, December 13, 2017, https://www.mmtimes.com/news/report-most-complaints-under-section-66d-made-officials.html.
377
“66(d): No real change,” Free Expression Myanmar, December 2017, http://freeexpressionmyanmar.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/66d-no-realchange.pdf.
378
“Myanmar: More ‘outrageous’ convictions for satire performers,” Amnesty International, February 17, 2020,
https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2020/02/myanmar-more-outrageous-convictions-for-satire-performers/.
379
“Myanmar Authorities Prosecuting Activists and Critics Despite the COVID-19 Pandemic,” Civicus, April 28, 2020,
https://monitor.civicus.org/updates/2020/04/28/myanmar-authorities-prosecuting-activists-and-critics-despite-covid-19-pandemic/.
380
“Myanmar military sues Irrawaddy editor Ye Ni over Rakhine conflict report,” Committee to Protect Journalists, March 17, 2020,
https://cpj.org/2020/03/myanmar-military-sues-irrawaddy-editor-ye-ni-over-/.
381
Htun Khaing, “Prominent reporter refuses to apologise after Ma Ba Tha files defamation suit,” Frontier, March 8, 2017,
https://frontiermyanmar.net/en/prominent-reporter-refuses-to-apologise-after-ma-ba-tha-files-defamation-suit.
382
“Myanmar court to hear appeal in defamation case against journalist Swe Win,” Committee to Protect Journalists, August 29, 2019,
https://cpj.org/2019/08/myanmar-court-to-hear-appeal-in-defamation-case-ag/.
383
Sean Gleeson, “Myanmar Now editor Ko Swe Win arrested at Yangon Airport,” Frontier, July 30, 2017, https://frontiermyanmar.net/en/myanmarnow-editor-ko-swe-win-arrested-at-yangon-airport.
384
“Joint statement: Myanmar authorities must drop the case against Ko Swe Win and decriminalise defamation,” International Commission of
Jurists, March 7, 2019, https://www.icj.org/joint-statement-myanmar-authorities-must-drop-the-case-against-ko-swe-win-and-decriminalisedefamation/.
385
“Myanmar journalist jailed for two years for reporting Covid-19 death,” Reporters Without Borders, May 22, 2020,
https://rsf.org/en/news/myanmar-journalist-jailed-two-years-reporting-covid-19-death.
386
He has since been released. “Myanmar: Release jailed filmmaker second update,” Amnesty International, May 18, 2020,
https://www.amnesty.org.uk/resources/myanmar-release-jailed-filmmaker-second-update.
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