perception of Muslims among the broad population in Myanmar…. This hate campaign, which continues to the present day, portrays the Rohingya … as an existential threat to Myanmar and to Buddhism…. It is accompanied by dehumanising language and the branding of the entire [Rohingya] community as ‘illegal Bengali immigrants.’ This discourse created a conducive environment for the 2012 and 2013 anti-Muslim violence in Rakhine State and beyond, without strong opposition from the general population. It also enabled the hardening of repressive measures against the Rohingya and Kaman in Rakhine State and subsequent waves of State-led violence in 2016 and 2017.141 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 116. The Guardian described the work of two analysts who noted a strong correlation 8 between the amount of hate speech on Facebook and the violence inflicted on the Rohingya in 9 late 2017: 10 Digital researcher and analyst Raymond Serrato examined about 15,000 Facebook posts from supporters of the hardline nationalist Ma Ba Tha group. The earliest posts dated from June 2016 and spiked on 24 and 25 August 2017, when ARSA Rohingya militants attacked government forces, prompting the security forces to launch the ‘clearance operation’ that sent hundreds of thousands of Rohingya pouring over the border. 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 141 UNHRC Report, ¶ 696, https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/1643079/files/A_HRC_39_CRP-2-EN.pdf (emphasis added). CLASS ACTION COMPLAINT 46 Case No. __________________