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ASEAN Regional Coalition to #StopDigitalDictatorship 2. Indonesia DIGITAL SPACE & ONLINE FREEDOM STATUS OF THE COUNTRY DEMOCRATIC STATUS OF THE COUNTRY YEAR (according to the Freedom In The World index) PRESS & MEDIA FREEDOM STATUS OF THE COUNTRY (Digital Space Status) (according to the World’s Press Freedom Index) 2020 61/100 49/100 119/180 (63,18) 2021 59/100 48/100 113/180 (62,6) 2022 59/100 49/100 117/180 (49,27) 2023 58/100 47/100 108/180 (54,83) (Partly PARTLYFree) FREE (Partly PARTLYFree) FREE (Partly Free) PARTLY FREE (Partly Free) PARTLY FREE (Partly Free) PARTLY FREE Scores 100-70 Difficult DIFFICULT (Partly Free) PARTLY FREE (Partly Free) PARTLY FREE FREE Difficult DIFFICULT Difficult DIFFICULT (Partly Free) PARTLY FREE PARTLY FREE Scores 69-40 Difficult DIFFICULT NOT FREE Scores 39-0 GOOD SATISFACTORY PROBLEMATIC DIFFICULT VERY SERIOUS 85–100 points 75–85 points 65–75 points 45–65 points 0–45 points Fig. 2.1: Summary of freedom ratings for the Indonesia, 2020-2023.1 2.1 Legal Framework Freedom of Expression: Guaranteed yet Illegitimately Restricted widely disseminating his/her beliefs, orally or in In Indonesia, the right to freedom of expression and public interest and nation’s unity”. Additionally, speech is guaranteed by Articles 28, 28E, and 28F Article 25 guarantees that “every person has the of the 1945 Constitution. These provisions stipulate right to express opinion in public, and this includes that individuals are entitled to express themselves the right to strike, in accordance with the provisions both verbally and in writing, and to communicate of legislation”.3 The ratification of the International and search for, receive, possess, store, process and Covenant on Civil and Political Rights in 2006 also transmit information using all channels available. 2 enhanced the protection of freedom of expression in Furthermore, Law Number 39 of 1999 on Human Indonesia.4 These pivotal advancements underscore Rights emphasises guarantees and protection for the heightened normative assurance for the freedom freedom of opinion. Article 23 (2) ensures that of expression in the country. Indonesia takes pride in “every person is free from holding, expressing and its democratic transformation since the downfall of the 72 writing through printed or electronic media, taking into consideration religious values, morals, order, Dawn of Digital Dictatorship: Weaponizing the Law Against Online Speech in Southeast Asia

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Dawn of Digital Dictatorship: Weaponizing the Law Against Online Speech in Southeast Asia March 2024

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Language

English

Topic

Digital Rights
Digital Surveillance
Information Operation
Internet Restrictions

Author(s)

MANUSHYA

Date Published: Mar 8, 2024

Abstract: Dawn of Digital Dictatorship: Weaponizing the Law Against Online Speech in Southeast Asia March 2024 Whether we like it or not, we are living through a pivotal moment for the future of human rights. This includes the issue of our digital rights, and the question of our online freedoms. In places like Southeast Asia, where the majority of its peoples are experiencing immense threats to their online and offline freedoms, at the hands of opportunistic governments and corporations, this is especially prevalent. The digital space has become an integral part of human life, and is still growing in its influence over our world. Accordingly, if our freedoms in the digital space are endangered, our freedoms overall are endangered as well.

It is understandable to feel powerless while possessing this knowledge. But it is not enough to just know about the forces acting against our human rights, and understand that they are dangerous. If we truly want to create a safer, more equitable, more liberated world - which we all know, deep down, is possible - we must understand these forces, and act accordingly. We must equip ourselves with knowledge about what governments, corporations, and other powers that be are doing, alongside demanding our rights to freedom. The powers that be have weaponised the online and digital space, as well as the law, against the people that these things are supposed to serve and protect. It is our right to protect ourselves with research, knowledge, advocacy, and the power of the people. When we understand the powers we are up against, fighting back will become less daunting.

This is what our report, titled Dawn of Digital Dictatorship: Weaponizing the Law Against Online Speech in Southeast Asia, is for. Join us in powering ourselves with knowledge, in order to compel ourselves to action!

As always, our work is rooted in decolonial, feminist, intersectional values, with historically marginalised people at the centre. Thus, this work was a collaboration between a coalition of groups oriented in these values: ALTSEAN-Burma, Cambodian Center for Human Rights, ELSAM, Free Expression Myanmar, Foundation for Media Alternatives, ILGA Asia, Manushya Foundation, The Rohingya Maìyafuìnor Collaborative Network, SAFEnet, Viet Tan, and Women’s Peace Network. What is the ASEAN Regional Coalition to #StopDigitalDictatorship? The ASEAN Regional Coalition to #StopDigitalDictatorship was established in 2020, by human rights and digital rights activists from Southeast Asia, on a mission to decolonize digital rights and restore our online democracies.

Together, we stand in solidarity with one another, with people from the Global Majority, resisting and pushing back against authoritarian governments and complicit tech companies.

We tell our realities from the ground, and we develop solutions together.

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Dawn of Digital Dictatorship: Weaponizing the Law Against Online Speech in Southeast Asia March 2024

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