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ASEAN Regional Coalition to #StopDigitalDictatorship Bagaimana narasi kebencian dan hoaks bekerja menyudutkan etnis Rohingya?, (2 January 2024), available at: https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/articles/c03y7n3k12lo 148. Modern Diplomacy, Demonization of Rohingya in Indonesia: An Analysis on Social Media Narratives, (30 December 2023), available at: https://moderndiplomacy.eu/2023/12/30/demonization-of-rohingya-in-indonesia-an-analysis-on-social-media-narratives/ 149. Manushya Foundation, Let’s #ProtectRohingya by Understanding the Rohingya Crisis in Indonesia, (19 January 2024), available at: https://www.manushyafoundation.org/post/let-s-protectrohingya-by-understanding-the-rohingya-crisis-in-indonesia 150. Al Jazeera English, Indonesia: 1,700 Rohingya refugees arrived in Aceh since November, (9 January 2024), available at: https://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=eJ7esfqMsvo 151. South China Morning Post, In Indonesia, fake UN accounts spewing anti-refugee hate feed rejection of Rohingya, (22 December 2023), available at: https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/people/ article/3246022/indonesia-fake-un-accounts-spewing-anti-refugee-hate-feed-rejection-rohingya 152. South China Morning Post, In Indonesia, fake UN accounts spewing anti-refugee hate feed rejection of Rohingya, (22 December 2023), available at: https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/people/ article/3246022/indonesia-fake-un-accounts-spewing-anti-refugee-hate-feed-rejection-rohingya 153. South China Morning Post, In Indonesia, fake UN accounts spewing anti-refugee hate feed rejection of Rohingya, (22 December 2023), available at: https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/people/ article/3246022/indonesia-fake-un-accounts-spewing-anti-refugee-hate-feed-rejection-rohingya 154. Manushya Foundation, Joint Solidarity Statement: Confronting the Influence of Online Hate Campaigns in the Forced Expulsion of Rohingya from Indonesia, (17 January 2024), available at: https://www. manushyafoundation.org/js-onlinehatecampaign-rohingya 155. U.S. State Department, 2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Indonesia, (2020), available at: https://www.state.gov/reports/2020-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/indonesia/ Indonesia 156. Indonesian Criminal Code (1982), available at: https://www.ilo.org/dyn/natlex/natlex4.detail?p_ lang=en&p_isn=73932; HG.org, Defamation and Privacy Law in Indonesia, available at: https:// www.hg.org/legal-articles/defamation-and-privacy-law-in-indonesia-5913 157. Law No. 26 of 2000, Section 4, available at: https:// policehumanrightsresources.org/content/uploads/2019/07/Law-26-2000-Act-on-the-HumanRights-Courts-2000-Eng.pdf?x39143 158. Protection International, National Human Rights Institutions and the Protection of Human Rights Defenders: Insights from Indonesia and Thailand, (May 2020), available at: https://www.protectioninternational.org/sites/default/files/policy-brief-nhri-hrdhub.pdf 159. Protection International, National Human Rights Institutions and the Protection of Human Rights Defenders: Insights from Indonesia and Thailand, (May 2020), available at: https://www.protectioninternational.org/sites/default/files/policy-brief-nhri-hrdhub.pdf 160. Protection International, National Human Rights Institutions and the Protection of Human Rights Defenders: Insights from Indonesia and Thailand, (May 2020), available at: https://www.protectioninternational.org/sites/default/files/policy-brief-nhri-hrdhub.pdf 161. Law No. 13 of 2006, available at: http://ilo.org/dyn/ natlex/natlex4.detail?p_lang=en&p_isn=75101&p_ country=IDN&p_count=610&p_classification=01&p_ classcount=81 162. American University School of International Service, The State of Whistleblower & Journalist Protections Globally: A Customary Legal Analysis of Representative Cases, (May 2015), available at: https://www. ohchr.org/Documents/Issues/Opinion/Protection/ AmericanUniversitySchool.pdf 163. Law No. 32/2009 on Environmental Protection and Management, available at: https://leap.unep.org/en/ countries/id/national-legislation/law-no-322009-environmental-protection-and-management; Law No. 18/2013 on the prevention and eradication of Forest Destruction, available at: https://leap.unep.org/en/ countries/id/national-legislation/law-no-182013-prevention-and-eradication-forest-destruction 115

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Dawn of Digital Dictatorship: Weaponizing the Law Against Online Speech in Southeast Asia March 2024

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Language

English

Topic

Digital Rights
Digital Surveillance
Information Operation
Internet Restrictions

Author(s)

MANUSHYA

Date Published: Mar 8, 2024

Abstract: Dawn of Digital Dictatorship: Weaponizing the Law Against Online Speech in Southeast Asia March 2024 Whether we like it or not, we are living through a pivotal moment for the future of human rights. This includes the issue of our digital rights, and the question of our online freedoms. In places like Southeast Asia, where the majority of its peoples are experiencing immense threats to their online and offline freedoms, at the hands of opportunistic governments and corporations, this is especially prevalent. The digital space has become an integral part of human life, and is still growing in its influence over our world. Accordingly, if our freedoms in the digital space are endangered, our freedoms overall are endangered as well.

It is understandable to feel powerless while possessing this knowledge. But it is not enough to just know about the forces acting against our human rights, and understand that they are dangerous. If we truly want to create a safer, more equitable, more liberated world - which we all know, deep down, is possible - we must understand these forces, and act accordingly. We must equip ourselves with knowledge about what governments, corporations, and other powers that be are doing, alongside demanding our rights to freedom. The powers that be have weaponised the online and digital space, as well as the law, against the people that these things are supposed to serve and protect. It is our right to protect ourselves with research, knowledge, advocacy, and the power of the people. When we understand the powers we are up against, fighting back will become less daunting.

This is what our report, titled Dawn of Digital Dictatorship: Weaponizing the Law Against Online Speech in Southeast Asia, is for. Join us in powering ourselves with knowledge, in order to compel ourselves to action!

As always, our work is rooted in decolonial, feminist, intersectional values, with historically marginalised people at the centre. Thus, this work was a collaboration between a coalition of groups oriented in these values: ALTSEAN-Burma, Cambodian Center for Human Rights, ELSAM, Free Expression Myanmar, Foundation for Media Alternatives, ILGA Asia, Manushya Foundation, The Rohingya Maìyafuìnor Collaborative Network, SAFEnet, Viet Tan, and Women’s Peace Network. What is the ASEAN Regional Coalition to #StopDigitalDictatorship? The ASEAN Regional Coalition to #StopDigitalDictatorship was established in 2020, by human rights and digital rights activists from Southeast Asia, on a mission to decolonize digital rights and restore our online democracies.

Together, we stand in solidarity with one another, with people from the Global Majority, resisting and pushing back against authoritarian governments and complicit tech companies.

We tell our realities from the ground, and we develop solutions together.

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Dawn of Digital Dictatorship: Weaponizing the Law Against Online Speech in Southeast Asia March 2024

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