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PRODUCTS & OFFERINGS Products & Offerings Analysis of the leaked data allows for a detailed understanding of the surveillance and censorship capabilities that Geedge Networks is marketing to its clients as well as in-depth details about Geedge’s development process, interactions with clients, and the ways in which their products build on existing networking software and hardware. Below, we’ve outlined each of the products offered by Geedge Networks, providing insights into how they are technically deployed, their functionality, and the implications for internet users within regions where Geedge operates. While the products are first described below individually, it is important to note that Geedge Networks sells these products as a full package. The company works closely with client governments in the start-up phase to meet their bespoke censorship and surveillance needs, with the ability to repurpose existing hardware or entirely build the system with new hardware. Image Caption: This is a diagram from a Geedge Networks presentation on how its system integrates with an ISP’s existing network. Grey icons represent the ISP’s original infrastructure while icons in color represent components installed as part of Geedge’s system. It shows how user traffic from all access points is routed through TSG-X, filtered by Central Management, logged in TSG Galaxy, and visualized via CyberNarrator. It also shows how Network Zodiac provides real-time network insights on the Geedge System’s performance, and highlights Ether Fabric, Geedge’s network packet broker. Cyber Narrator: The All-Seeing Eye Cyber Narrator is the carrier-grade Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) and Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) solution developed by Geedge Networks.4 It is the main user interface that the client interacts with when using Geedge’s products for surveillance and the only product designed for non-technical users. In practical terms, this would be where a government analyst accesses the data in their office in the national command-and-control center. 13

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The Internet Coup A Technical Analysis on How a Chinese Company is Exporting The Great Firewall to Autocratic Regimes

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English

Topic

Digital Rights
Digital Surveillance
Internet Connectivity / Accessibility
Internet Restrictions

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INTER SECLAB

Date Published: Sep 9, 2025

Abstract: Over the past two decades, the Chinese government has been steadily refining their model of internet control using surveillance and censorship technologies domestically while promoting this approach to other nations under the banner of “digital sovereignty”. Through the export of these technologies, China is not only extending its global influence but also laying the foundation for a federated system of internet governance. In this system, Chinese companies provide the infrastructure and expertise for client governments to more easily monitor and control their own networks, while learning from these deployments and improving collective capacity for digital authoritarianism worldwide.

This research by InterSecLab uncovers evidence of the export of a suite of technologies resembling China’s Great Firewall by Geedge Networks, a private company linked to the academic entity ‘Massive and Effective Stream Analysis’ (Mesalab), a research laboratory at the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Our team’s investigation identifies a pattern of commercialization of surveillance capabilities, with Geedge Networks offering a suite of products that enable comprehensive monitoring and control of internet users.

InterSecLab’s analysis reveals that Geedge Networks is contracted with governments in Kazakhstan, Ethiopia, Pakistan, Myanmar, and one other unknown country to establish sophisticated systems of internet censorship and surveillance. Furthermore, our findings indicate that Geedge Networks is also involved in developing similar systems deployed within China, including in Xinjiang and other regions.

Based on analysis of a leak of more than 100,000 Geedge Networks documents that was shared with InterSecLab, this research sheds light on the features and capabilities of Geedge Networks’ systems, which include deep packet inspection, real-time monitoring of mobile subscribers, granular control over internet traffic, as well as censorship rules that can be tailored to each region. The leak also reveals information about Geedge Networks’ relationship with the academic entity, Mesalab, as well as their interactions with client governments. The implications for data sovereignty are significant, and our findings raise concerns about the commoditization of surveillance and information control technologies.

This research examines the recent development of Geedge Networks’ systems in various countries, including what is known about their deployment timelines. By analyzing the company’s internal documentation, InterSecLab was able to chronicle the expansion of commercially available national firewalls and speculate about the implications for the future of the global internet considering the spread of such systems.

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The Internet Coup A Technical Analysis on How a Chinese Company is Exporting The Great Firewall to Autocratic Regimes

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