5/24/22, 7:45 PM Myanmar: Data on internet blocks and internet outages following military coup | OONI (59.153.90.11, 167.172.4.60) or an address in private IP space (such as 127.0.0.1 or 172.29.8.1); Some measurements were successful (i.e. the tested websites were found accessible), showing that the blocks are not implemented deterministically over time on all networks. While OONI measurements show that Telegram has been reachable in Myanmar, both WhatsApp and Facebook Messenger presented signs of blocking during their testing throughout February 2021. Similarly to the testing of social media websites, we observe both DNS based tampering and IP blocking of WhatsApp and Facebook, which varies from network to network (and in some cases, we observe ISPs adopting a mixture of censorship techniques). In the testing of Facebook Messenger, there are cases where all attempted TCP connections to Facebook’s endpoints failed, and there are other cases where DNS lookups to domains associated with Facebook do not resolve to IP addresses allocated to Facebook. In the testing of WhatsApp, we observe interference with WhatsApp web (web.whatsapp.com) and WhatsApp’s registration service, though attempted connections to WhatsApp’s endpoints are often successful (this is observed on several networks). The following chart illustrates the testing of WhatsApp and Facebook Messenger (across networks) in Myanmar throughout February 2021, based on OONI data. Source: OONI measurements collected from Myanmar throughout February 2021, https://explorer.ooni.org/search?until=2021-0228&since=2021-02-01&probe_cc=MM As is evident from the above chart, WhatsApp and Facebook Messenger presented signs of blocking most times that they were tested in Myanmar throughout February 2021. The high volume of anomalous measurements (across many different networks) provides a strong signal of blocking, particularly since this is not observed in past measurements (before February 2021). It’s worth noting though that some measurements (collected in February 2021) were successful (i.e. the tested apps were reachable), suggesting that the blocks are not deterministic across networks in Myanmar. Today, OONI data suggests the ongoing blocking of Facebook, Facebook Messenger, WhatsApp, Twitter, and Instagram in Myanmar. Blocking of Wikipedia Starting from 20th February 2021, we started to observe the blocking of Wikipedia in Myanmar as well (though the first https://ooni.org/post/2021-myanmar-internet-blocks-and-outages/ 5/16