Recommendations Peaceful Procession Law, the Law Protecting the Privacy and Security of Citizens, the Official Secrets Act, and the Penal Code—especially: z Sections 66(d) and 68(a) of the Telecommunications Law; z Sections 19 and 20 of the Peaceful Assembly and Peaceful Procession Law; z Articles 124(a), 295(a), 499, 500, and 505(b) of the Penal Code; z Section 33 and 34(d) of the Electronic Transactions Law; „ Enact anti-discrimination laws to protect and promote the human rights of ethnic and religious minorities; „ Consult with civil society in re-drafting the Bill for Protection Against Hate Speech to ensure the resulting law is transparent, meets international legal standards and definition of hate speech as a component of a broader anti-discrimination legal framework; and „ Ensure that any judicial or quasi-judicial determination regarding restrictions on freedom of speech is made by an independent adjudicator; if this requires inviting international ex- perts to assist with determinations given the deficiencies with the rule of law in Myanmar, the government should request assistance from the international community to help with such matters. Counter Hate Speech in the Lead Up to the 2020 Elections „ Ensure that the Union Election Commission prohibits all political parties from spreading hate speech and misinformation both online and offline; „ Enact a zero-tolerance policy for campaign content (including but not limited to: speeches, slogans, statements, and pamphlets) that are discriminatory and could incite violence; and „ Monitor hate speech and set up an early warning system for potential election violence targeting ethnic and religious minorities. To the Myanmar Military „ Adhere to the above recommendations made to the government of Myanmar; „ Place any military personnel implicated in incidents of hate speech, including incitement of discrimination, hostility, violence, and genocide on immediate administrative leave until an independent investigation can be completed; cooperate with all such investigations and support enforcement of any outcomes that result; „ Stop contributing to the circulation of hate speech that target ethnic and religious minorities and promote armed conflict in Myanmar; „ Stop military operations against ethnic and religious minorities, and end grave human rights violations and atrocities; and „ Stop endorsing or supporting ultranationalist groups that perpetuate narratives of hate. 109