by some accounts appear to have more hate speech in the comments than others, even when the
content of the posts is the same or carries positive content. For example: We examined posts
with news coverage about the same event, the “White Rose campaign” which sought to promote
religious freedom and inter-faith coexistence, posted by BBC and Myanmar Now. Posts from
BBC had relatively higher comments with negative views against the campaign, while posts
Myanmar Now had an approximately equal weight of positive and negative comments.
Interpretations
There are at least three ways to interpret the correlation between the nature of the original
anchoring post and the nature of the comments that attach to it. One is that the original anchoring
post may serve as an inspiration; especially with the case in which the anchoring post included
heartwarming content, it may have encouraged and provided space for people of marginalized
identities to echo more confidently in similar voices or views. Under such posts with a high
volume of positive comments, threads of hate-speech comments attacking a positive comment
were relatively fewer; and even when that happened, many more positive comments stepped in
to counter them.
A second possibility is that the relation between the original post and the kinds of comments that
follow it are influenced by the Facebook algorithm, which determines what posts people see. It
may be that posts are mostly seen by those likely to agree with their message. This could explain
why comments seem to reverberate the original sentiment. A person who disagrees with the
original post, and thus might be likely to comment under it with some expression of
disagreement, may be less likely to ever see the post at all. This might also explain why anchor
posts from news outlets included both hate speech and counter-speech: posts from such outlets
might be seen by a wider array of people.
Comparison of comment threads under posts about the same news story by two different media
organizations raises a third possible interpretation: that there are ongoing efforts to target some
accounts and some kinds of posts. In comparing comment threads under news stories about the
“White Rose” campaign from the BBC and Myanmar Now, we noted a much higher volume and
proportion of hate speech in comments on the BBC post. Thus the appearance of patterns may
also be created by deliberate efforts, i.e. high volume of negative trolls, that might not otherwise
be there.
Implications
The presence of deliberate targeting, coupled by the way the Facebook algorithm works, can
make certain accounts or pages susceptible to receiving high volume of negative comments,
pushing aside positive counter speech or a diversity of views. When the anchor posts set a
negative tone to open discussion in the comments, counter speech, even though it exists under
such posts, may also find it challenging in the sea of negative comments to find solidarity or
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