ANALYSIS OF THE PROVISIONS OF THE DRAFT CYBER SECURITY LAW
as per Section 28 (c). Also, a license would need to be obtained under
Cyber Resources refers to “the computer, computer system,
Section 34.
computer program or program, network, communication tools,
facts, and data.
C. Importantly, under Section 28 (a), the device that stores the information of
service users will need to be kept at the place designated by the Ministry.
Section 28:
The effect of this is two-pronged- all such critical information (deemed to
The Online Service Provider within Myanmar shall carry out the
be) shall be kept inside Myanmar and such data may likely have
following:
unrestricted access by the governmental authorities.
(a) The device, that stores the information of service users,
shall be kept at the place designated by the Ministry;
(b) The online service shall be registered in accordance with
the Myanmar Companies Law; and
(c) Taxes must be paid in accordance with the provisions of
the relevant laws if it is mandatory to do so in respect of
any business conducted through the online service
provider or similar profitable business.
Chapter IX
Section 29
Section 34:
Any person wising to render Online Services within the Union of
Myanmar shall register with the Department in accordance with
the stipulations.
Section 29:
When the Department informs that Online Service Provider causes
any of the following events in the Cyberspace within the Union of
Myanmar, they shall be prevented, removed, destroyed and
terminated in line with the stipulations:
a) Speech, texts, images, videos, audio, files, signs or other
means of expressions that lead to hatred, and destroy unity
and peace;
b) Fake news and rumors;
c) Sexually oriented pictures, audio files, videos, phrases, signs
or any other illustrations that are not in line with the
community’s culture;
d) Child pornography, pictures, phrases, signs or any other
illustrations; and
12 February 2021
Conclusion
The ambit and definition of Online Service Providers is very wide and if the law,
in its present form, is enforced, it would need a separate licensing/registration
procedure under the Draft Cyber Security Law.
A. The analysis of the provision from a legal perspective is as follows:
This provision may be considered to be restrictive of fundamental freedoms
guaranteed under the Constitution. Article 354 (a) of the Constitution states
that “every citizen shall be at liberty in the exercise of the following rights, if not
contrary to the laws, enacted for Union security, prevalence of law and order,
community peace and tranquility or public order and morality: to express and
publish freely their convictions and opinions…”
B. The Constitution guarantees every citizen fundamental freedom of
expression to publish freely their convictions and opinions. The said
provision of the Draft Cyber Security Law may be considered to be
restrictive and gives the Department unrestrictive powers to curb the
freedom of expression. The Department (at its discretion without any
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