136 Dictating the Internet: Manushya Foundation has highlighted that there is a risk powers under the Cybersecurity Act may be misused beyond the remit of “cyber threats” to curtail online dissent through the “Anti-Fake News” center as some individuals from the CRC will also oversee the center.533 In October 2019, the Minister of Digital Economy and Society stated that the government would impose section 26 of the CCA to require owners of cafes to retain log files of the browsing data of their customers for at least three months, so that the data could be utilized by the “Anti-Fake News” center to identify alleged “false and inappropriate” information online.534 Concerns have been raised that the center, which launched in November 2019, will not only assist the government in censorship and surveillance,535 unlawfully infringing on the rights to expression, information and privacy of individuals. Cambodia In May 2012, the Cambodian government announced that it would initiate the elaboration of a Cybercrime Law to guard against ““ill-willed groups or individuals” from “spreading false information” online, to prevent “hacking (of) both government and private data or websites” and ensure “the common interest is protected”.536 Despite calls from civil society in Cambodia for the government to release official drafts of the law to allow concerned stakeholders and wider members of the public to provide comment on the law, the government has neither released official drafts of the law, nor opened it up to public discussion or consultation.537 In April 2014, an unofficial first draft of the Cybercrime Law was leaked and widely circulated.538 In May 2015, the spokesperson for Cambodia’s Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications indicated that the law would be was not repealed by the latest HNCPO Order dated 9 July 2019. 533 Manushya Foundation 2019 report, p. 30. 534 Kate Lamb, ‘Thai cafes forced to track customers’ wifi use, sparking free speech fears’, The Guardian, 10 October 2019, Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/oct/10/thaicafes-forced-to-track-customers-wifi-use-sparking-free-speech-fears 535 Ibid. 536 Cambodian Center for Human Rights (CCHR), ‘CCHR Briefing Note – February 2014 Cyber Laws: Tools for Protecting or Restricting Freedom of Expression?’, February 2014, Available at: https:// ifex.org/images/cambodia/2014/03/03/cambodia_cyber_crimes_legislation_cchr.pdf; CCHR, ‘Cambodian Government​is drafting the first ever Cyber Law’, 24 May 2012, Available at: https:// www.cchrcambodia.org/index_old.php?url=media/media.php&p=alert_detail.php&alid=21&id=5; Joshua Wilwohl, ‘Anonymous Hacks Government Websites’, Cambodia Daily, 13 September 2013, Available at: https://www.cambodiadaily.com/news/anonymous%e2%80%88hacks-governmentwebsites-42250/ 537 Ibid., ‘Open Letter on current draft laws – To: Ministers of the Royal Government of Cambodia’, Available at: https://www.ccimcambodia.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/Open_Letter_request_ for_draft-laws_EN.pdf 538 CCHR, ‘Open Letter from CCHR concerning Draft Cybercrime Law’, 28 April 2014 (‘CCHR Open Letter’), Available at: https://cchrcambodia.org/media/files/press_release/488_20colccrdcle_ en.pdf