References Aaj News. (2024). New internet regulations in Pakistan. https://english.aaj.tv/news/30348914 Abbas, Z. (2024). The surveillance system keeping tabs on millions. Dawn. https://www.dawn.com/news/1843299 Access Now. (2024). Partial enforcement of India’s Telecom Act — a total eclipse of digital rights. https://www.accessnow.org/press-release/india-telecom-act-2023-enforcement/ Access Now. (2024). The most violent year: internet shutdowns in 2023. https://www.accessnow.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/2023-KIO-Report.pdf Agarwal, S. & Heda, S. (2023). Media Regulations in India: Government Overreach Disguised as ‘Parity’. Tech Policy Press. https://www.techpolicy.press/media-regulations-in-india-government-overreach-disguis ed-as-parity/ Ahmed S. Z., Yilmaz, I, Akbarzadeh, S., & Bashirov, G. (2023). Digital Authoritarianism and Activism for Digital Rights in Pakistan - ECPS. ECPS. https://www.populismstudies.org/digital-authoritarianism-and-activism-for-digital-rights -in-pakistan/ Al Jazeera. (2024, November 26). Pakistan tests China-like digital firewall to tighten online surveillance. https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/11/26/pakistan-tests-china-like-digital-firewall-t o-tighten-online-surveillance Ali, K. (2024). PTA speaks on ‘technical glitch’, insists on VPN registration. Dawn. https://www.dawn.com/news/1871781/pta-speaks-on-technical-glitch-insists-on-vpn-re gistration Ali, K. (2024). Unregistered VPNs won’t work after Nov 30, says PTA chief. Dawn. https://www.dawn.com/news/1873356 Ali, K., & Ali, U. (2024). Interior Ministry demands VPNs blockage, claims it is used by ‘terrorists to facilitate violent activities.’ Dawn. https://www.dawn.com/news/1872561 Amnesty International. (2024). Bangladesh: Interim Government must restore freedom of expression in Bangladesh and repeal Cyber Security Act. 30

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