5/24/22, 7:49 PM Myanmar blocks “fake news” websites amid COVID-19 pandemic | OONI Myanma Posts and Telecommunications (AS9988), the findings are limited to these two networks. Findings Based on the analysis of OONI measurements collected from Myanmar, we confirm the DNS based blocking of 174 domains, a full list of which can be found in the appendix of this report. Many of the blocked domains include news outlets, some of which are based in Rakhine, while the majority of the blocked domains contain adult content. Several insurgent group websites were confirmed blocked too. These include the Arakan Army website, the Palaung State Liberation Front website, and the Shan State Progress Party website. Our analysis, including links to individual OONI measurements, is available through this CSV file. We were able to confirm that these 174 domains (listed in the appendix) were blocked on Telenor Myanmar (AS133385) by means of DNS tampering. The blocking appears to be implemented at the DNS level because OONI measurements show that Telenor Myanmar returned the IP addresses of a Digital Ocean machine hosting the block page, instead of the real IP of the host. The IPs that are returned for block pages are: 167.172.4.60, 188.166.199.101, and 59.153.90.11. Each of these three IP addresses hosts a slightly different block page, as illustrated through the following screenshots shared below. Image: Block page hosted on the IP 167.172.4.60. Image: Block page hosted on the IP 188.166.199.101 (screenshot taken on 9th April 2019). https://ooni.org/post/2020-myanmar-blocks-websites-amid-covid19/ 4/14