Many examples from India were shared and the report on gender audit conducted by the Web
Foundation’s Women’s Rights Online (WRO) program was discussed in detail. Research
conducted by international organisations such as IREX and LirneAsia, together with their
partners in Myanmar such as the Myanmar ICT for Development Organisation and the Myanmar
Book Preservation Centre, were presented to the participants.
The public sector was represented by a number of key officials including the Director General U
Soe Thein and Director Than Htun Aung, and a director from the Central Statistical Office who
underlined the need for Myanmar to embrace a system that helps them to disaggregate data to
determine gender-inclusiveness in governmental programming. Apart from the three major
telecom operators, the private sector participation included that of the infra companies, ISPs
and start-ups. The civil society was represented by a large number of organisations from
Yangon and also from the provinces.
The following key points emerged during the workshop for the multi-stakeholders to consider
further in their efforts to ensure an inclusive spread of ICTs in Myanmar:
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There is a 30% gender gap in mobile phone ownership in Myanmar, skewed to men.
Women usually use phones owned by others; hence, are unable to reap the fullest
potential of the internet in their work. Mobile ownership among women makes a lot of
difference in their business activities.
Getting phones in the hands of men and women is important for the benefits of the tool
can be accrued by both the genders, especially for enhancing their socio-economic
benefits.
With ICT interventions, markets function better while the individuals in households are
better off as they are able to explore and exploit the tools on their own; however,
externalities and generic conditions are important and are sure-shot compliments to ICT
initiatives.
It is important to improve generic governance institutions in Myanmar alongside ICT
penetration. Real world compliments alone can enhance the impact of ICTs amongst
people.
In rural areas, the location of market matters a lot for both women and men suffer lack of
access, hence, are unable to benefit from the potentials of the internet.
With women earning less than men, many a times they are unable to afford the cost of
access to the Internet and the cost of devices. They do, however, aspire to own high-end
phones.
Men have comparative edge over women for they possess digital skills and are able to
acquire these easily. It is important to help spread digital skills among women in a
focussed manner.