Puddington, A. (2000). Broadcasting freedom: The Cold War triumph of radio free Europe and radio liberty. Lexington: University of Kentucky. Reporters Sans Frontières. (2011/2012). Press freedom index 2011–2012. Reporters Sans Frontières. Retrieved from https://rsf.org/en/world-press-free dom-index-20112012 Reporters Sans Frontières. (2012, December). Burmese media spring. Reporters Sans Frontières. Retrieved from https://rsf.org/en/news/how-long-will-burmese -media-spring-last Reuters. (2015, January 31). FACTBOX—Myanmar’s new political structure. Reuters. Retrieved from http://in.reuters.com/article/2011/01/31/idINIndia54526820110131?pageNumber=1 Scheufele, D. (1999). Framing as a theory of media effects. Journal of Communication, 49(4), 103–122. Schneider, C., & Schmitter, P. (2004). Liberalization, transition and consolidation: Measuring the components of democratization. Democratization, 11(5), 59–90. Snaing, Y. (2013, December 13). Ministry urges press council to take action against journal. The Irrawaddy. Retrieved from http://www.irrawaddy.org/burma/ ministry-urges-press-council-take-action-journal.html Steinhardt, H. C. (2010). From blind spot to media spotlight: Propaganda policy, media activism and the emergence of protest events in the Chinese public sphere. Asian Studies Review, 39(1), 119–137. Stout, D. (2014, July 11). Burmese journalists sentenced to a decade in prison with hard labor. Time. Retrieved from http://time.com/2974972/burma-media-journ alists-unity-weekly Tha, K. P. (2014, November 5). US ‘too optimistic’ about Burma reform: Suu Kyi. The Irrawaddy. Retrieved from www.irrawaddy.org/burma/us-optimistic-bur ma-reform-suu-kyi.html Voltmer, K. (2013). The media in transitional democracies. Cambridge: Polity Press. Weng, L., & Zaw, H. N. (2013, November 26). Tycoon sues journal on defamation charges. The Irrawaddy. Retrieved from www.irrawaddy.org/burma/tycoonsues-journal-defamation-charges.html Zaw, N. (2014, November 28). Information access on agenda as media prepare for military meeting. The Irrawaddy. Retrieved from www.irrawaddy.org/bur ma/information-access-agenda-media-prepare-milit ary-meeting.html About the Author Tina Burrett is Associate Professor of Political Science at the Faculty of Liberal Arts, Sophia University, Japan. She holds a PhD in Political and Social Sciences from Cambridge University. Her publications include Television and Presidential Power in Putin’s Russia, (Routledge, 2013, paperback), “Spin over Substance? The PR Strategies of Vladimir Putin and Abe Shinzo” in Freedom of the Press in Contemporary Japan, edited by Jeff Kingston (Routledge, 2016), “Abe Road: Comparing Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe’s Leadership of his First and Second Governments”, in the Parliamentary Affairs (2017) and Prime Ministerial Leadership in Britain and Japan, (Palgrave Macmillan, 2018, forthcoming). Politics and Governance, 2017, Volume 5, Issue 2, Pages 41–58 58

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