6 Methodology T his report is based on research conducted by the Burma Human Rights Network (BHRN) from March 29, 2025, through September 2026 following the magnitude 7.7 earthquake that struck central Myanmar on March 28, 2025. BHRN conducted 18 interviews with mosque trustees and administrators, community representatives, lawyers, construction professionals, and representatives of Muslim religious and community organisations. Four interviews in September 2026 with community members in Mandalay and Bago Regions provided updated information on demolition, repair, reconstruction, administrative procedures, and assistance. Unless otherwise indicated, information concerning post-earthquake permits and reconstruction is current as of September 15, 2026. BHRN conducted interviews in person and via Signal and carried out field visits to earthquakeaffected mosques and other Islamic religious buildings, directly observing damage at accessible sites. Researchers also reviewed photographs, videos, engineering information, administrative and legal documents, Myanmar laws and administrative rules, United Nations materials, media reporting, and public statements and publications by the Myanmar military junta and junta-run institutions. BHRN sought to corroborate interview testimony through field observations, other interviews, visual material, documents, and publicly available sources where possible. Information that could not be adequately corroborated is attributed to the source. BHRN documented 180 earthquake-affected mosques and other Islamic religious buildings across Mandalay Region, Sagaing Region, Naypyidaw Union Territory, Bago Region, and southern Shan State. This figure is not exhaustive. BHRN could not visit every affected location or independently inspect every building. Researchers separately reviewed available engineering information concerning buildings assessed as beyond repair and interviewed community representatives involved in compiling casualty information in Sagaing. Witnesses there said some families removed bodies before identifying information could be recorded, which may have limited casualty documentation. BHRN withheld names and other identifying information where disclosure could expose interviewees, mosque trustees, or affected communities to surveillance, arrest, harassment, or retaliation by the Myanmar military junta. BHRN also withheld or generalised information concerning particular sites where linking a location to testimony could identify a source. BHRN carried out the research amid armed conflict, disrupted communications, restricted access, and risks of junta surveillance and retaliation. Information from junta-run institutions concerning permits, administrative decisions, and assistance was incomplete or unavailable. These constraints prevented BHRN from independently verifying conditions at every affected site, and the figures in this report may understate the scale of damage, casualties, and restrictions affecting Muslim communities.