Bahrain Watch. (2013a, May 15). The IP Spy Files: How Bahrain’s Government Silences Anonymous Online Dissent. Bahrain Watch. https://bahrainwatch.org/ipspy/viewreport.php Bahrain Watch. (2013b, August 5). Is Bahrain’s Government running extremist accounts? Bahrain Watch. https://bahrainwatch.org/blog/2013/08/05/is-bahrains-governmentrunning-extremist-accounts/ Bahrain Watch. (2020). Olton | PR Watch. Bahrain Watch. https://bahrainwatch.org/pr/olton.php BBC. (2017, July 10). Bahrain activist jailed for ‘fake news’. BBC News. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-40558063 CIVICUS. (2020). CIVICUS Bahrain—Tracking conditions for citizen action. https://monitor.civicus.org/country/bahrain/ Dooley, B. (2011, November 17). ‘Troll’ Attacks on #Bahrain Tweets Show Depth of Government Attempts to Silence Dissent. HuffPost. https://www.huffpost.com/entry/trollattacks-on-bahrain_b_1099642 Dooley, B. (2015, September 25). No Stamp Required: All Too Easy for #Bahrain Twitter Trolls. HuffPost. https://www.huffpost.com/entry/no-stamp-required-all-too_b_8195486 Elwazer, S. (2014, February 6). New law: Insult Bahrain’s king, get thrown in jail. CNN. https://edition.cnn.com/2014/02/06/world/meast/barhain-new-law/ Freedom House. (2018). Bahrain | Freedom on the Net. Freedom House. https://freedomhouse.org/country/bahrain/freedom-net/2018 Freedom House. (2019). Bahrain | Freedom on the Net. Freedom House. https://freedomhouse.org/country/bahrain/freedom-net/2019 Goodman, J. D. (2011, October 11). ‘Twitter Trolls’ Haunt Discussions of Bahrain Online [The New York Times]. The Lede. https://thelede.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/10/11/twittertrolls-haunt-discussions-of-bahrain-online/ Gulf Centre for Human Rights. (2016, December 12). Bahrain: Human rights defender Ghada Jamsheer freed from prison, allowed to work off remainder of her sentence. https://www.gc4hr.org/news/view/1448 Gulf Centre for Human Rights. (2018). Mapping Cybercrime Laws and Violations of Digital Rights in the Gulf and Neighbouring Countries. Gulf Center for Human Rights. https://www.gc4hr.org/report/view/78 Halvorssen, T. (2011, May 19). PR Mercenaries, Their Dictator Masters, and the Human Rights Stain. HuffPost. https://www.huffpost.com/entry/pr-mercenaries-theirdict_b_863716 Human Rights Watch. (2019, January 17). World Report 2019: Rights Trends in Bahrain. Human Rights Watch. https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2019/country-chapters/bahrain Index on Censorship. (2012, February 14). Bahrain’s PR machine threatens free speech. Index on Censorship. https://www.indexoncensorship.org/2012/02/bahrains-pr-machinethreatens-free-speech/ Ministry of Interior, B. (2018, July 21). MOI warns against anti-Bahrain social media activities. https://www.policemc.gov.bh/en/news/ministry/83376/ Morris, K. (2013, March 8). PR firm accused of editing Wikipedia for government clients. The Daily Dot. https://www.dailydot.com/news/qorvis-lauer-wikipedia-paid-editingscandal/ Nyst, C., & Monaco, N. (2018). State-Sponsored Trolling. https://www.iftf.org/fileadmin/user_upload/images/DigIntel/IFTF_State_sponsored_trolli ng_report.pdf 40

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