Athens Journal of Law
July 2022
company with close links to the military. 138 The sale raised concerns that the
personal data of its 18 million users in Myanmar would become available to the
Tatmadaw.139 The reason for concern was that in 2021, Telenor was pressured to
install eavesdropping equipment for monitoring communications on its network.140
Apparently, Telenor had complied with data requests from the beginning of the
coup, and by February 2022, the Ministry of Transport and Communications had
made at least 200 requests for sensitive information.141
Social Media and the Tatmadaw
Soon after the coup, Facebook banned the Tatmadaw’s official Facebook page,
the Tatmadaw True News Information Team and that of its military spokesman.142
Reuters reviewed thousands of social media posts in 2021 and “found that
about 200 military personnel, using their personal accounts on platforms including
Facebook, YouTube, TikTok, Twitter and Telegram, regularly posted messages or
videos alleging fraud at the election and denouncing anti-coup protesters as
traitors”.143
In December 2021, Facebook banned all Myanmar-military controlled
businesses from its platforms.144 The action was based on “extensive documentation
by the international community and civil society of these businesses’ direct role in
funding the Tatmadaw”.145 Around the same time, Rohingya refugees commenced
proceedings in a California court against Facebook for $150bn “over claims the
social network is failing to stem hate speech on its platform, exacerbating violence
against the vulnerable Myanmar minority”.146 Their complaint argued that
Facebook’s algorithms “promote disinformation and extreme thought that translates
into real-world violence”.147
Covid-19 Pandemic Pandemic and Issues
Prohibitions on access to the use of the internet and social media impacted
access to critical information and guidance on COVID-19 prevention measures.148
It was also likely to “further exacerbate gender-based violence risks for women
and their access to life-saving services”.
Prior to the third COVID-19 wave in mid-2021, “there was strong stigma
against COVID-19 vaccinations as people swore on Facebook to refuse vaccines
until Aung San Suu Kyi was freed and democracy restored”. 149
138
The Irrawaddy (2022).
Ibid.
140
Ibid.
141
Access Now (2022).
142
Domino (2021, 20 April 2022).
143
Potkin & Lone (2021).
144
Al Jazeera (2021a). .
145
Ibid.
146
Al Jazeera (2021b).
147
Ibid.
148
Sharma, Phyu Phyu Oo, Hollaender & Scott (2021).
149
Naw Theresa (pseudonym) (2022).
139
323
Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4150894