only 14 per cent). In most countries, it was more common for children to experience technologyfacilitated sexual abuse in person than on gaming platforms. Although it may seem counterintuitive, technology-facilitated child sexual abuse can occur both online and in person. While sexual exploitation and abuse can happen entirely via online platforms, technology can also function as a tool that facilitates in-person sexual abuse. For example, a perpetrator may use a smartphone to photograph or record sexual abuse of a child, then use social media to share the child sexual abuse material. In this situation the abuse starts in person and technology facilitates the creation, storage, or distribution of child sexual abuse material. Likewise, grooming and other forms of sexual exploitation and abuse may begin through social media or online platforms before moving into offline settings, or they may originate in person and continue or escalate through digital communication. Finding: “The five social media platforms where most cases of technology-facilitated sexual abuse happened were Facebook (50 per cent), WhatsApp (29 per cent), Instagram (24 per cent), Snapchat (13 per cent) and TikTok (12 per cent).” Table overview: Table A14 presents the ten most commonly reported platforms involved in technology-facilitated child sexual exploitation and abuse instances, by country. The analysis combines data from both rounds of the Disrupting Harm study. As analyses are conducted at the incident level, percentages represent instances of abuse occurring on social media platforms, rather than the number of children subjected to exploitation and abuse. Table A14: The ten most commonly reported platforms involved in technology-facilitated child sexual exploitation and abuse instances, in the year prior to the child being surveyed, by country (2020–2025). Through Children’s Eyes Appendix 75