Previous 46 / 47 Next

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. “JRP for Rohingya Humanitarian Crisis – Snapshot.” March 23, 2018. https://data2.unhcr.org/en/documents/details/62873. United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. “Refugee Response in Bangladesh.” https://data2.unhcr.org/en/situations/myanmar_refugees. United Nations Human Rights Committee. General comment No. 34. September 12, 2011. CCPR/C/GC/34. https://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/hrc/docs/gc34.pdf. United Nations Human Rights Council. “Myanmar: Tamdaw leaders must be investigated for genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes – UN report.” https://www.ohchr.org/EN/HRBodies/HRC/Pages/NewsDetail.aspx?NewsID=23475&LangI D=E. United Nations Human Rights Council. Resolution adopted by the Human Rights Council on 5 July 2018 – 38/7. The promotion, protection and enjoyment of human rights on the internet. July 17, 2018. A/HRC/RES/38/7. https://documents-ddsny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/G18/215/67/PDF/G1821567.pdf?OpenElement. United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs. “Myanmar: Conflict between the Arakan Army and the Myanmar Military.” November 1, 2019. https://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/myanmar-conflict-between-arakan-army-and-myanmarmilitary-update-humanitarian-needs. UN News. “Scores of Rohingya refugee shelters in Bangladesh destroyed by flooding.” July 5, 2019. https://news.un.org/en/story/2019/07/1041931. White, Kate. “Rohingya in Bangladesh: an unfolding public health emergency.” The Lancet 390, no. 10106 (October, 2017): 1927–2014. https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(17)32677-6/fulltext. World Bank Group. “Individuals using the internet (% of population).” https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/IT.NET.USER.ZS. World Vision. “Three Years On: Rohingya Refugee Response Report 2020.” August 22, 2020. https://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/RRR_Annual%2BReport%2B2020.pdf. Back Cover Photos Description Photo 8 (top) : A Rohingya refugee child with a mobile phone. Photo – Khin Maung (Cox's Bazar) Photo 9 (bottom) : A Rakhine child trying to catch network signal atop a mountain. Photo – Kaung Mrat Naing(Maungdaw) 44

Select target paragraph3

● ● ●

Lockdown and Shutdown: Exposing the Impacts of Recent Network Disruptions in Myanmar and Bangladesh

Report

Preview

Language

English

Topic

Digital Rights
Internet Connectivity / Accessibility
Internet Restrictions
Rohingya Crisis

Author(s)

Athan
Harvard Law School - Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society: Cyberlaw Clinic
Harvard Law School: International Human Rights Clinic (IHRC)
PDi-Kintha (Peace and Development Initiative)
Rohingya Youth Association

Date Published: Jan 19, 2021

Abstract: We begin the paper with overviews of the human rights situation in Myanmar and Bangladesh which lays the groundwork for both the rationale behind the internet shutdowns as well as their impacts. This section highlights the Tatmadaw’s 2017 “clearance operations” that forced more than 750,000 Rohingyas refugees to flee to Bangladesh, the ongoing armed conflict in Rakhine and Chin State in Myanmar and the situation in the Rohingya refugee camps in Bangladesh. We then move to examine the immediate causes of the targeted internet shutdowns in Myanmar and Bangladesh, which both began in 2019. Next, we demonstrate that violations of digital rights are violations of human rights, and explain why internet shutdowns impede the rights of IDPs and refugees. In Section 4, the heart of the white paper, we showcase the voices of our interviewees, and draw out key themes from the interviews. Our findings reveal that there are commonalities in the impacts of the shutdowns in both countries, such as in the areas of public health information around COVID-19, education, and access to reliable news in misinformation-rich environments, as well as differences in areas like work, access to healthcare, and physical security. The paper concludes with key recommendations to the governments of Myanmar and Bangladesh.

Link: Source

Primary Documents

Lockdowns_and_Shutdowns (English).pdf
English
Download View

Myanmar Internet Project

Select target paragraph3

Lockdown and Shutdown: Exposing the Impacts of Recent Network Disruptions in Myanmar and Bangladesh

Primary Documents

Notifications