150 Women’s representation in the national legislature has also been minimal, even as the share of women in parliament globally has increased from 11 per cent in 1995 to 19 per cent in 2010. UNESCO socio-economic indicators 2013, data from 2012, http://www.uis.unesco.org/DataCentre/Pages/country-profile.aspx?code=1040&regioncode=40515&SPSLanguage=EN In 2012, Union Election Commission called to fill 46 vacant seats. 24 (15.3%) out of 157 candidates were women, including Daw Aung San Su Kyi. Women won 13 seats out of 46 vacant seats. Currently in Pyithu Hluttaw (Lower House), there are only 24 (5.8%) women members of 440 seats, including Daw Aung San Su Kyi. And women hold 4 (1.8%) of 224 seats in Amyothar Hluttaw (Upper House). So, women hold 28 out of total 664 seats, including 166 seats of military. 151 UNESCO socio-economic indicators 2013, data from 2012, http://www.uis.unesco.org/DataCentre/Pages/countryprofile.aspx?code=1040&regioncode=40515&SPSLanguage=EN 152 Central Statistical Organization, MNPED, Statistical Profile of Children and Women in Myanmar 2009. 153 Women’s representation in the national legislature has also been minimal, even as the share of women in parliament globally has increased from 11 per cent in 1995 to 19 per cent in 2010. UNESCO socio-economic indicators 2013, data from 2012, http://www.uis.unesco.org/DataCentre/Pages/country-profile.aspx?code=1040&regioncode=40515&SPSLanguage=EN In 2012, Union Election Commission called to fill 46 vacant seats. 24 (15.3%) out of 157 candidates were women, including Daw Aung San Su Kyi. Women won 13 seats out of 46 vacant seats. Currently in Pyithu Hluttaw (Lower House), there are only 24 (5.8%) women members of 440 seats, including Daw Aung San Su Kyi. And women hold 4 (1.8%) of 224 seats in Amyothar Hluttaw (Upper House). So, women hold 28 out of total 664 seats, including 166 seats of military. 154 UNESCO socio-economic indicators 2013, data from 2012, http://www.uis.unesco.org/DataCentre/Pages/countryprofile.aspx?code=1040&regioncode=40515&SPSLanguage=EN 155 Central Statistical Organization, MNPED, Statistical Profile of Children and Women in Myanmar 2009. 156 UNESCO socio-economic indicators 2013, data from 2012, http://www.uis.unesco.org/DataCentre/Pages/countryprofile.aspx?code=1040&regioncode=40515&SPSLanguage=EN 157 Concluding observations of the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women, Forty-second session, 20 October-7 November 2008 158 UNESCO socio-economic indicators 2013, data from 2012, http://www.uis.unesco.org/DataCentre/Pages/countryprofile.aspx?code=1040&regioncode=40515&SPSLanguage=EN 159 Myanmar Women’s Affairs Federation, ‘Rights of Myanmar women endowed by Myanmar Customs and Traditions, MWAF, Yangon. 160 UNESCO socio-economic indicators 2013, data from 2012, http://www.uis.unesco.org/DataCentre/Pages/countryprofile.aspx?code=1040&regioncode=40515&SPSLanguage=EN 161 UNESCO socio-economic indicators 2013, ibid. 162 UNESCO socio-economic indicators 2013, ibid. 163 UNESCO socio-economic indicators 2013, ibid. 164 UNESCO socio-economic indicators 2013, ibid. 165 UNFPA and Ministry of Immigration and Population, Fertility and Reproductive Health Survey 2007. 166 Lieutenant- Colonel Soe Soe Myint and Lieutenant-Colonel San Thida. 167 In 2012, the Union Election Commission was called to fill 46 vacant seats. 24 (15.3%) out of 157 candidates were women, including Daw Aung San Su Kyi. Women won 13 of the 46 vacant seats. Currently in Pyithu Hluttaw (Lower House), there are only 24 (5.8%) women members of the 440 seats, including Daw Aung San Su Kyi. Women hold just four (1.8%) of the 224 seats in Amyothar Hluttaw (Upper House). So, women hold 28 out of total 664 seats, including 166 seats held by the military. 168 Minister of Social Welfare, Reliefs and Resettlement Daw Myat Myat Ohn Khin and Minister of Education Dr.Khin San Yee. 169 Yangon, 30 November 2014 Local Resource Centre (2012), A Review of the Operational Space and Opportunities for Civil Society Organizations in Myanmar, Myanmar (unpublished). 170 171 Interview in Pyay, 10 December 2014 The party has refused to change its name: http://www.irrawaddy.org/burma/womans-party-wont-budge-on-name-change-risking-uecapproval.html 172 173 Interview in Yangon, 22 November 2014 174 175 176 Interview in Yangon, 4 April 2015 Dfid, ibid. Women of Burma, 2008, In the Shadow of the Junta, shadow submission to CEDAW. 177 Interview in Pyay, 10 December 2014 178 Interview in Yangon, 3 January 2015 179 Interview in Yangon, 9 March 2015 180 Interview in Pyay, 10 December 2014 181 Interview in Pyay, 10 December 2014 It is not possible to confirm this as the Interim Press Council does not publish data on the cases reviewed by the complaints mechanism. 183 The National Strategic Plan for the Advancement of Women 2013‐2022 was published in 2013 but is relatively unknown among civil society in Myanmar http://www.mm.undp.org/content/myanmar/en/home/presscenter/pressreleases/2013/10/strategicplanwomen.html 184 CEDAW General Recommendation 19, http://www.un.org/womenwatch/daw/cedaw/recommendations/recomm.htm 185 Article 2, UN Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women, ibid. 186 Nilar Kyu et al. (2005) ‘Prevalence, antecedent causes and consequences of domestic violence in Myanmar’, Asian Journal of Social Psychology (2005) 8: 244–271. 187 Palaung Women’s Organisation (2011) ‘Voices for Change: Domestic Violence and Gender Discrimination in the Palaung area’, Thailand, http://www.palaungwomen.com/Report/Voices%20for%20Change_English%20report.pdf 188 Palaung Women’s Organisation, ibid. 182 ARTICLE 19 - Censored gender: Women’s right to freedom of expression and information in Myanmar - Page 90