Discussions about the effectiveness of Facebook’s content moderation, Myanmar Digital Rights Forum, January 19, 2019.; Kyaw Ye Lynn and Su Myat Mon, “On social media, cleaning up isn’t easy,” Frontier, December 28, 2018, https://frontiermyanmar.net/en/on-social-media-cleaning-upisnt-easy. 205 For example, some pro-Rohingya activists believe that content removal trends demonstrate prejudices among content reviewers against Rohingya. 206 “Myanmar’s media freedom at risk,” Free Expression Myanmar, May 2018, http://freeexpressionmyanmar.org/wpcontent/uploads/2018/05/myanmars-media-freedom-at-risk.pdf; Hanna Ellis-Petersen, “Censorship and silence: south-east Asia suffers under press crackdown,” The Guardian, February 25, 2019, https://www.theguardian.com/media/2019/feb/25/censorship-and-silence-south-east-asia-suffersunder-press-crackdown. 207 See for example panels on gender and on freedom of expression at the Myanmar Digital Rights Forum, February 28-29, 2020. 208 Personal communications with human rights defenders working on digital rights, Yangon, May 2018. 209 For example, recent discussions at the Myanmar Digital Rights Forum, Yangon, January 18, 2019, and at the American Center, Yangon, May 22, 2019: U.S. Embassy Rangoon, @USEmbassy.rangoon, May 20, 2019, https://www.facebook.com/usembassy.rangoon/posts/2226172564131217/. 210 “Myanmar journalists 'harassed' for reporting on Rohingya crisis,” Al Jazeera, October 16, 2017, https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/10/myanmar-journalists-harassed-reporting-rohingya-crisis-171016070429902.html. 211 “Myanmar bans Radio Free Asia for using the term “Rohingyas”,” Reporters Without Borders, June 12, 2018, https://rsf.org/en/news/myanmarbans-radio-free-asia-using-term-rohingyas. 212 Julia Carrie Wong, Michael Safi, and Shaikh Azizur Rahman, “Facebook bans Rohingya group's posts as minority faces 'ethnic cleansing',” The Guardian, September 20, 2017, https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/sep/20/facebook-rohingya-muslims-myanmar. 213 “Myanmar army sues Reuters over report on deaths of Rohingya women,” The Guardian, March 10, 2020, https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/mar/10/myanmar-army-sues-reuters-over-report-on-deaths-of-rohingya-women. 214 “Daring to defy Myanmar’s Patriarchy,” Free Expression Myanmar, 2018, http://freeexpressionmyanmar.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/daringto-defy-myanmars-patriarchy.pdf. 215 “Daring to defy Myanmar’s Patriarchy,” Free Expression Myanmar, 2018, http://freeexpressionmyanmar.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/daringto-defy-myanmars-patriarchy.pdf. 216 Discussion with women human rights defender in Yangon, March 2019. 217 “Myanmar’s media freedom at risk,” Free Expression Myanmar, May 2018, http://freeexpressionmyanmar.org/wpcontent/uploads/2018/05/myanmars-media-freedom-at-risk.pdf; Hanna Ellis-Petersen, “Censorship and silence: south-east Asia suffers under press crackdown,” The Guardian, February 25, 2019, https://www.theguardian.com/media/2019/feb/25/censorship-and-silence-south-east-asia-suffersunder-press-crackdown. 218 See for example panels on gender and on freedom of expression at the Myanmar Digital Rights Forum, February 28-29, 2020. 219 Personal communications with human rights defenders working on digital rights, Yangon, May 2018. 220 For example, recent discussions at the Myanmar Digital Rights Forum, Yangon, January 18, 2019, and at the American Center, Yangon, May 22, 2019: U.S. Embassy Rangoon, @USEmbassy.rangoon, May 20, 2019, https://www.facebook.com/usembassy.rangoon/posts/2226172564131217/. 221 “Myanmar journalists 'harassed' for reporting on Rohingya crisis,” Al Jazeera, October 16, 2017, https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/10/myanmar-journalists-harassed-reporting-rohingya-crisis-171016070429902.html. 222 “Myanmar bans Radio Free Asia for using the term “Rohingyas”,” Reporters Without Borders, June 12, 2018, https://rsf.org/en/news/myanmarbans-radio-free-asia-using-term-rohingyas. 223 Julia Carrie Wong, Michael Safi, and Shaikh Azizur Rahman, “Facebook bans Rohingya group's posts as minority faces 'ethnic cleansing',” The Guardian, September 20, 2017, https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/sep/20/facebook-rohingya-muslims-myanmar. 224 “Myanmar army sues Reuters over report on deaths of Rohingya women,” The Guardian, March 10, 2020, https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/mar/10/myanmar-army-sues-reuters-over-report-on-deaths-of-rohingya-women. 225 “Daring to defy Myanmar’s Patriarchy,” Free Expression Myanmar, 2018, http://freeexpressionmyanmar.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/daringto-defy-myanmars-patriarchy.pdf. 226 “Daring to defy Myanmar’s Patriarchy,” Free Expression Myanmar, 2018, http://freeexpressionmyanmar.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/daringto-defy-myanmars-patriarchy.pdf. 227 Discussion with women human rights defender in Yangon, March 2019. 228 Htet Naing Zaw, “Incoming Info Minister Pe Myint: ‘I Will Ensure Press Freedom’,” The Irrawaddy, March 28, 2016, https://www.irrawaddy.com/in-person/interview/incoming-info-minister-pe-myint-will-ensure-press-freedom.html. 229 Nyan Hlaing Lynn, “Pe Myint: ‘A government needs to inform the people’,” Frontier, May 6, 2016, https://frontiermyanmar.net/en/pe-myint-agovernment-needs-to-inform-the-people. 230 “Freedom of the Press 2017 – Myanmar,” Freedom House, May 10, 2017, https://web.archive.org/web/20170510172325/https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-press/2017/myanmar. 231 Discussions at the Myanmar Media Conference, Naypyidaw, December 2018. 232 MOI Webportal Myanmar, @MOIWebportalMyanmar, https://www.facebook.com/MOIWebportalMyanmar/. 233 Myanmar State Counsellor Office, @state.counsellor, https://www.facebook.com/state.counsellor/. 234 It was originally called the “State Counsellor’s Information Committee,” before being renamed, possibly to distance her from some of the page’s more infamous pronouncements. Information Committee, @InformationCommittee, https://www.facebook.com/InfomationCommittee/. 235 Mratt Kyaw Thu, “Tatmadaw warns journalists against calling domestic conflicts ‘civil wars’,” Frontier, January 18, 2019, https://frontiermyanmar.net/en/tatmadaw-warns-journalists-against-calling-domestic-conflicts-civil-wars. 236 Often posts included disinformation around specific human rights violations and includes graphic imagery. For example, in March 2018, in response to criticism from the British government, the Office of the Commander-in-Chief posted on its Facebook page images of dismembered children alleging that they were killed by the Rohingya, see Timothy McLaughlin, “How Facebook’s Rise Fueled Chaos and Confusion in Myanmar,” Wired, June 7, 2018, https://www.wired.com/story/how-facebooks-rise-fueled-chaos-and-confusion-in-myanmar/. 237 Paul Mozur, “A Genocide Incited on Facebook, With Posts From Myanmar’s Military,” The New York Times, October 15, 2018, https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/15/technology/myanmar-facebook-genocide.html. 238 Nathaniel Gleicher, “Taking Down More Coordinated Inauthentic Behavior in Myanmar,” Facebook, August 21, 2019, https://about.fb.com/news/2019/08/more-cib-myanmar/. 239 Megan Specia and Paul Mozur, “A War of Words Puts Facebook at the Center of Myanmar’s Rohingya Crisis,” The New York Times, October 27, 2017, https://nyti.ms/2yRCADT. 240 Anthony Kuhn, “Concern Is High Over Facebook's Role In Fanning Violence In Myanmar,” NPR, June 14, 2018, https://www.npr.org/2018/06/14/619854631/concern-is-high-over-facebooks-role-in-fanning-violence-in-myanmar. 241 Annie Gowen and Max Bearak, “Fake news on Facebook fans the flames of hate against the Rohingya in Burma,” The Washington Post, December 8, 2017, https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/fake-news-on-facebook-fans-the-flames-of-hate-against-the-rohingya-inburma/2017/12/07/2c1fe830-ca1f-11e7-b506-8a10ed11ecf5_story.html. 204 Free Expression Myanmar (FEM) and Freedom House - Freedom of the Net: Myanmar - အင်တာနက်ေပ*တွင် လွတ်လပ်မ/ - ြမန်မာ2ိ4င်ငံ - Page 52