ASEAN Regional Coalition to #StopDigitalDictatorship Widodo with the caption “[w]e will be watching if November 2021.131 Some of these cases are still you corrupt the COVID-19 fund”. On April 8, 2020, under investigation while the remaining majority Pratama was arrested for spreading hatred towards ended in access blocking by the government, and insulting the President. under either account suspension or content 129 The government has also routinely required platforms and content moderators to remove negative content related to COVID-19. For instance, in 2021, Facebook restricted access to 2,483 items, purported to be false COVID-19-related claims.130 The MCIT claimed to have identified 2,442 hoaxes and misinformation spread across various social media platforms from January 2020 through takedown. It is unclear what criteria were used to classify content as a hoax or misinformation and whether procedural standards were complied with in responding to these findings. There are also vast inconsistencies in the numbers disclosed by different officials, rendering difficult any attempt to have an accurate estimate of the actual case count.132 INTERSECTIONAL GENDER ANALYSIS: ONLINE GENDER BASED VIOLENCE IN INDONESIA When addressing issues related to Online Gender spreading online homophobic and transphobic Based Violence, hereinafter referred to as narratives, escalating to online violence. Instances Kekerasan Berbasis Gender Online” in Indonesian, include the Indonesian Air Force’s discriminatory it is crucial to understand the underlying dynamics policies and a former minister justifying violence of gender power relations. Both the digital space against LGBTIQA+ individuals based on religion. and offline space are important democratic and Media outlets exacerbate the problem by using civil domains that should be accessible and safe stigmatising language, blaming the LGBTIQA+ for all members of societies including women, community for natural disasters. This pervasive children and LGBTIQA+. online hostility, fueled by state authorities and media, Current reports highlight that women are the primary group facing technology-facilitated gender-based violence. Additionally, minority communities, particularly the LGBTIQA+ population, are targeted due to their identities. Strikingly, Indonesia lacks legal protection for LGBTIQA+ underscores the urgent need for comprehensive measures to address technology-facilitated GBV, recognising the unique challenges faced by women and the LGBTIQA+ community in Indonesia.134 Spotlight on the OGBV and judicial harassment faced by Veronica Koman individuals against hate crimes and discrimination, leaving them exposed to online abuse, including However, within Indonesia’s complex digital “cyber-homophobia’’ based on sexual orientation.133 landscape, marginalised groups, including women State authorities contribute to the issue by Indonesia 99