ASEAN Regional Coalition to #StopDigitalDictatorship Fig. G: Summary table of international human rights laws and standards. FREEDOMS OF EXPRESSION AND TO HOLD OPINION International Human Rights Instruments UDHR Relevant Provisions and Interpretations Article 19: “Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers.” Article 19: Upholds the right of every individual to freedom of expression, including the freedom to “seek, receive and impart information and ideas of all kinds, regardless of frontiers, either orally, in writing or in print, in the form of art, or through any other media” without interference. ICCPR Article 19(3): Articulates a three-part test, stipulating that any restrictions on expression must be “provided by law”, proportionate, and necessary for “respect of the rights and reputations of others,” “for the protection of national security or of public order, or of public health and morals.” Ratification/Voting/Adoption Date and Status NOT Binding but serves as a cornerstone for the development and evolution of international human rights law. as a matter of customary international law Ratified Cambodia (May 26, 1992) Indonesia (Feb. 23, 2006) Lao PDR (Sept. 25, 2009) Philippines (Oct. 23, 1986) Thailand (Oct. 29, 1996) General comment no. 34: Article 19 (freedoms of opinion and expression): States that criminalize defamation must decriminalize it given that “imprisonment is never an appropriate penalty” for, and is neither necessary nor proportionate to the aim of protecting others.2 UDHR Article 12: “No one shall be subjected to arbitrary interference with his privacy, family, home or correspondence, nor to attacks upon his honour and reputation. Everyone has the right to the protection of the law against such interference or attacks.” Chapter III. Summary of International Human Rights Laws and Standards Vietnam (Sept. 24, 1982) Not signed or ratified Malaysia, Myanmar, Singapore NOT Binding but serves as a cornerstone for the development and evolution of international human rights lawBinding as a matter of customary international law 35