5/24/22, 7:45 PM Myanmar: Data on internet blocks and internet outages following military coup | OONI measurement that presented signs of IP based blocking of www.wikipedia.org was collected on 18th February 2021). In all anomalous measurements collected thereafter on the testing of www.wikipedia.org on several different networks in Myanmar, we consistently observe that attempted TCP connections to the IP address allocated to www.wikipedia.org failed, suggesting IP based blocking. This censorship technique would also affect Wikipedia subdomains, which is why we see other Wikipedia language editions (such as ar.wikipedia.org) presenting the same signs of IP blocking. It’s worth highlighting though that www.wikipedia.org does not appear to be blocked on all networks in Myanmar. The following chart aggregates OONI measurements from the testing of www.wikipedia.org on multiple networks in Myanmar, illustrating that while www.wikipedia.org presents signs of IP blocking (primarily from 20th February 2021 onwards) on some networks, it’s accessible on others. Source: OONI measurements collected from Myanmar testing www.wikipedia.org between 1st February 2021 to 25th February 2021, https://explorer.ooni.org/search?since=2021-0201&probe_cc=MM&test_name=web_connectivity&domain=www.wikipedia.org The blocking of www.wikipedia.org does not appear to be deterministic either. For example, when looking at recent measurements collected from AS136480 (UniLink Myanmar), it is evident that some measurements collected on 24th February 2021 successfully established a TCP connection to Wikipedia’s IP address, while other measurements (collected on the same day on the same network) suggest that Wikipedia’s IP was blocked. We observe the same non-deterministic pattern in the blocking of social media as well, as it is sometimes possible for connections to go through (even though IP blocks appear to be in place). Blocking of circumvention tool sites Circumventing internet censorship over the last month might have been quite challenging in Myanmar, given that a number of censorship circumvention tools appear to have been blocked. In February 2021, a list of VPNs and their associated IP addresses (that ISPs in Myanmar were reportedly required to block access to) circulated on Facebook. The websites of some of these VPNs (such as protonvpn.com and www.tunnelbear.com) were found blocked in our recent OONI data analysis, as illustrated in the chart below. https://ooni.org/post/2021-myanmar-internet-blocks-and-outages/ 6/16