operating market. In 2014 the Qatar based company Ooredoo and the Norwegian based
company Telenor could deliver sim-cards to the population alongside MPT. The prices then
made a huge leap down from 200$ to 2$ pr. Sim-card and this accelerated the connectivity
throughout the country drastically. In just a few years, the number of sim-card raised from 13% and up to 101% compared to the population (Jan.2018) (Naithy Cyriac et al., 2018).
200$ was an outrages pricing for a Sim-card, way more than most people were able to afford.
Today, some Burmese people see it as “status” to have an older MPT phone-number, because
this would suggest that you, at the time, could afford to have a phone to that pricing. Arkar,
one of my informants, told me that they would keep the old MPT sim-card and use it as the
contact number, and then have other sim-card by Telenor or Ooredoo to buy cheaper data
packages. Another result is that Burmese people do not have phones - they have smartphones.
This is a big leap for the Burmese population, going from next to no internet access and
straight to full access through the phone in their pockets.
There have been several studies done on mobile phones, internet access, immediate access to
the internet, and so forth. There has not been, however, anything specific done in Myanmar
yet, as far as I know. The field is still “fresh” and is evolving rapidly, which allows us to
follow the development carefully. In Myanmar, with its complex historical background and
ongoing conflicts, immersed together with immediate access to the internet, several
interesting cases are represented. This thesis address some cases, such as the use of the
internet, or Facebook, to spread a specific narrative, relationships that gain a new dimension
of space to evolve, new information to process and learn how to read critically. Moreover, of
course, the complex issue of Burmese data script development, encoding systems Unicode
and Zawgyi, or fonts as I will call them in this thesis. This particular issue I will dig deeper
into and discuss in the chapter The Battle of the Fonts.
As we know, few people had access to the internet until 2014, and this includes smartphones
and phones in general as well. Now, however, it is common in Yangon to have access to a
smartphone one way or another. From the total population of 53.61 million (Jan. 2018) there
are 18 million active social media users, and a total of 53.98 million mobile connection, i.e.,
sim-cards. This is 101% of the population (Kemp, 2018).
The device is the main access point to the internet, with Facebook as the primary platform
used to navigate “the internet.” Facebook´s mission is to give people the power to share and
make the world more open and connected (Tettegah, 2016, p. 141).
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