One provider stated in 2018 that it initially required three documents before disclosing information, including a letter from a senior police officer and a letter from the PTD, but it later dropped the third requirement for a judicial warrant.315 C7: လNပFဂိpMလ်များ၏ အွန်လင ိF း် လ,ပ်ေဆာင်မ,များကိF လက်စားေချရန်အတွက် အစိးF ရအာဏာပိFငမ ် ျားမ4 သိမဟF F ့ တ ် အြခား ၀ မ4တ ် သက်ဆင Fိ သ ် မ N ျားမ4 ဥပေဒြပင်ပ nခိမ်းေြခာက်ြခင်း သိမဟF F ့ တ ် ကိယ F ထ ် လ ိ က်ေရာက် အDကမ်းဖက်ြခင်းများ ြပလFပ်ပါသလား။ (၀-၅ မ4တ)် C7: Are individuals subject to extralegal intimidation or physical violence by state authorities or any other actor in retribution for their online activities? (0–5 points) The military and their proxies continued to threaten, extort, physically assault, forcibly disappear, torture, and kill online and offline opponents with complete impunity.316 Many people in Myanmar face extralegal intimidation and violence on a daily basis from military propaganda, constant surveillance, and physical checks, including of devices.317 The military targeted people who supported online resistance or participated in protests, the CDM, and political opponents, especially the NUG (see B8).318 The unlawful imposition of martial law (see C2) and the threat of capital punishment increased fear among protesters, strikers, political activists, journalists, and HRDs.319 By June 2021, at least 64 protesters, including 2 children, received death sentences from military courts.320 In July 2022, the military executed Phyo Zeya Thaw, Kyaw Min Yu, Hla Myo Aung, and Aung Thura Zaw—the first in decades (see C3). Over 1,500 people were killed by the military between February 2021 and the end of the coverage period, some of whom were targeted in relation for their online activities.321 This included at least three journalists working for or previously employed by online media outlets. Pu Tuidim was abducted and killed in January 2022, two days after he was captured while covering fighting between the military and antigovernment forces.322 Sai Win Aung was shot on Christmas Day in 2021 while covering fighting.323 Photojournalist Soe Naing died in the military’s custody in December 2021; Soe was tortured after being detained earlier that month while photographing a protest.324 After the coverage period, in July 2022, photographer Aye Kyaw, whose photos of anticoup protests were published on social media and in local outlets, died while in 0 military custody; Aye’s body showed signs of torture.325 Others killed since the February 2021 coup, some in retaliation for their online activities, included 15 civil society workers, over 100 students, and a large number of activists.326 In March 2021, for example, activist and teacher Zaw Myat Lynn was tortured to death after being detained for sharing videos online of soldiers attacking demonstrators.327 Hundreds of people, including children, were killed in military custody after the coup began,328 most of them due to torture.329 Torture is rampant, including through sexual violence.330 Those severely tortured included the cofounder of Kamayut Media, Han Thar Nyein, who was subsequently sentenced to two years’ imprisonment in March 2022.331 An unknown number of protesters, HRDs, activists, and others who conducted activities online remained in detention. The military also collected the social media profiles of all individual soldiers and leveled threats against them over their online activity,332 including their VPN-enabled use of Facebook.333 “Watermelons,” or individuals outwardly supporting the military but actually preferring the opposition, came under attack during the coverage period. Users with large followings called for information on “watermelons” and doxed them; they have also offered bounties for their targets’ deaths.334 Soldiers, nationalists, and other military proxies also issued threats335 and tracked down social media users opposed to the military.336 Those suspected of opposition activity online after being released from custody were warned that their online profiles were under surveillance and they could be returned to detention.337 Activists, ် ပ်မ/ - ြမန်မာ2ိင 4 င ် ံ Free Expression Myanmar (FEM) and Freedom House - Freedom of the Net: Myanmar - အင်တာနက်ေပ*တွင် လွတလ

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