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Bibliography Agence France Presse. 2012. “Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan Threaten Myanmar over Rohingya,” The Express Tribune, July 26. [http://tribune.com.pk/story/ 413231/taliban-threaten-myanmar-over-rohingya/; accessed December 16, 2013]. Arai, Tatsushi. 2013. “Toward a Buddhist Theory of Structural Peace: A Case Study of Myanmar.” Paper presented at Asia Pacific Peace Research Association Conference, November 13. Aung Ko Oo and Myo Thant. 2014. “Mandalay Peace Committee to Tackle RumorMongering,” Mizzima, July 7. [http://www.mizzima.com/mizzima-news/ myanmar/item/11695-mandalay-peace-committee-to-tackle-rumourmongering/11695-mandalay-peace-committee-to-tackle-rumourmongering; accessed August 7, 2014]. Aung San Suu Kyi. 2013. Interview on BBC, October 24. [http://www.bbc.co.uk/ news/world-asia-24649697; accessed October 30, 2013]. Bartholomeusz, Tessa. 2002. In Defense of Dharma: Just-war Ideology in Buddhist Sri Lanka. London: RoutledgeCurzon. BBC. 2014. “Myanmar’s Census Falls 9 Million Short of Estimate,” BBC, August 29. [http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-28990956; accessed September 25, 2014]. Belford, Aubrey. 2014. “As Myanmar’s Rakhine Buddhists Gain Strength, So Does Anti-Muslim Apartheid,” Reuters, June 18. [http://uk.reuters.com/article/ 2014/06/18/uk-myanmar-rohingya-idUKKBN0ET2UV20140618; accessed August 6, 2014]. Bodhi, Bhikkhu. 2005. In the Buddha’s Words: An Anthology of Discourses from the Pali Canon. Boston: Wisdom Publications.

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Contesting Buddhist Narratives : Democratization, Nationalism, and Communal Violence in Myanmar

Academic Publication

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Language

English

Topic

Hate Speech
Rohingya Crisis

Author(s)

Matthew J. Walton
Susan Hayward

Date Published: Oct 24, 2014

Abstract: Myanmar's transition to democracy has been marred by violence between Buddhists and Muslims. While the violence originally broke out between Rakhine Buddhists and Rohingya Muslims, it subsequently emerged throughout the country, impacting Buddhists and Muslims of many ethnic backgrounds. This article offers background on these so-called "communal conflicts" and the rise and evolution of Buddhist nationalist groups led by monks that have spearheaded anti-Muslim campaigns. The authors describe how current monastic political mobilization can be understood as an extension of past monastic activism, and is rooted in traditional understandings of the monastic community's responsibility to defend the religion, respond to community needs, and guide political decision-makers. The authors propose a counter-argument rooted in Theravada Buddhism to address the underlying anxieties motivating Buddhist nationalists while directing them toward peaceful actions promoting coexistence. Additionally, given that these conflicts derive from wider political, economic, and social dilemmas, the authors offer a prescription of complementary policy initiatives.

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Contesting Buddhist Narratives : Democratization, Nationalism, and Communal Violence in Myanmar

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