II. International Legal Framework and Analysis 78 Model Manufacturer Type Description Events Sukhoi Su-30 UAC289 Multirole Fighter Jet Twin-seat, twin-engine Russian multirole fighter jet acquired under a 2018 contract with financing support from Moscow.290 Myanmar Witness reported the first sighting of Su-30 on the tarmac of Nayipyidaw airbase via satellite imagery on October 17, 2022.293 In September 2023, Myanmar received the first two Su-30SME aircraft, with the remaining four delivered by late 2024.291 All six jets were officially commissioned at Meiktila Air Base on December 15, 2024, coinciding with the Myanmar Air Force’s 77th anniversary.292 289 Ricardo Meier, “Myanmar has Received its Last Two Sukhoi Su-30 Fighter Jets”, Air Data News, January 7, 2025, https:// www.airdatanews.com/myanmar-has-received-its-last-two-sukhoi-su-30-fighter-jets/#:~:text=Russian%20 combat%20aircraft%20exports%20have,the%20second%20in%20December%202023.&text=The%20Myanmar%20 Air%20Force%20has,that%20took%20place%20in%202021. See also, U.N. Special Rapporteur on the Situation of Human Rights in Myanmar Tom Andrews, The Billion Dollar Death Trade, p. 12. 290 “Russia Completes Delivery of Warplanes to Embattled Myanmar Junta,” The Irrawaddy, January 8, 2025, https://www. irrawaddy.com/news/burma/russia-completes-delivery-of-warplanes-to-embattled-myanmar-junta.html. 291 “Myanmar Receives First Shipment of Russia’s Su-30 Fighter Jets, RIA Reports,” Reuters, September 10, 2023, https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/myanmar-receives-first-shipment-russias-su-30-fighter-jetsria-2023-09-10/. 292 “Russia Completes Delivery of Six Su-30SME Fighters to Myanmar for Counter-Insurgency Operation,” Army Recognition, January 6, 2025; https://armyrecognition.com/news/aerospace-news/2025/russia-completes-deliveryof-six-su-30sme-fighters-to-myanmar-for-counter-insurgency-operations. See also, ““The strength of Su-30 SME fighter jets is that… from Naypyitaw, they can reach any part of Myanmar to bomb targets. Each plane can carry about 250 bombs in its belly and drop hundreds of them. Their weakness is the high cost.” – CDM Air Force Sergeant Zeya,” Myanmar Peace Monitor, September 21, 2023, https://mmpeacemonitor.org/en/en-interviews/the-strength-of-su-30sme-fighter-jets-is-that-from-naypyitaw-they-can-reach-any-part-of-myanmar-to-bomb-targets-each-planecan-carry-about-250-bombs-in-its-belly-and-drop-hundreds-of-the. 293 Centre for Information Resilience (Myanmar Witness), “Russian-Made Su-30 Spotted in Myanmar,” November 5, 2022, website, https://www.info-res.org/myanmar-witness/articles/russian-made-su-30-spotted-in-myanmar/.