The notion of a democratically elected
government that ‘listens to the people’ was
echoed alongside an understanding that viable
alternatives are not necessarily more attractive;
“The government. Not every
government is democratically
elected, they also use it to
control. We don’t want to
regulate speech at the end of
a gun, at the same time we
don’t want companies that are
for profit to be in charge.
We need to strike a balance.”
(KII_01) (Female)
At the same time, other participants expressed an
adamant distrust of any government regulation,
regardless of who is in charge. The majority of
participants believed that tech companies should
assume responsibility to handle harmful content
shared on their platforms, and participants
expressed close familiarity with Facebook
community standards and reporting mechanisms
for harmful content. For many though, tech
companies cannot be trusted to hold this
responsibility alone.
40
“It starts from individuals,
to not attack others for their
beliefs. Most important to
start with ourselves. But
also, social media companies,
to filter and not allow hate
speech. Sometimes when they
filter, they are kind of
authoritarian too, and can
take down content without
even looking at it.” (KII_02)
(Female).
Several participants perceived an ‘unfair’ or
‘uninformed’ management by Facebook.
Respondents exploring the role of individual
responsibility in this regard demonstrated a
minor reluctance, evident by the number of
survey participants who totally agreed, which
was less than those that were either neutral, or
agreed a little or disagreed a little. This could be
in part because of a belief in limited widespread
‘knowledge’ with regards on appropriate online
behaviour;
“People like us, we are aware
of the standards and ethical
considerations, what we should
or shouldn’t post. There are
others who don’t have that
kind of knowledge. […] there
are people who intentionally
create problematic posts –
in which case the government
and tech companies have to
coordinate to take action
– against those who create
fake news intentionally. It
also depends on the situation
in which the people commit
actions online, intentionally
or unintentionally.” (FGD_01)
(Male)
For most focus group respondents, however, this
was also further explained by the perception
that individual responsibility, while deemed an
essential first line of action may not always be
enough on its own. Few respondents expressed
that the online space either cannot or should not
be regulated at all and caution was advised;
“I think it’s important that
we tread very carefully
very lightly when regulating
freedom of speech. If we start
regulating it could lead us to
losing the essence of freedom
of speech [...].” (FGD_07)
(Male)
Further questioning of two participants who felt
strongly about the topic of regulation highlighted
a belief that FoE entails within it a strong element
of responsibility, to be responsible for what
you say and do online (as individuals) first and
foremost. This was supported by the belief that
it is somewhat necessary to regulate the online
space, but vital to exercise caution, to not overdo
it and “to be aware of what we might be giving
up to have these laws and regulations in place”.
(FGD_07)