Understanding what kind of poverty people experience is essential for designing effective responses. Myanmar's multidimensional poverty is too differentiated to yield to uniform responses. The analysis shows where poverty is concentrated, how it is driven, which households carry the highest risk, and what dimensional structure it takes all vary systematically across contexts, and that each dimension of variation has direct implications for what kind of response is most effective. The MPI, applied to crisis-responsive survey data such as PPS 2025, provides an evidence base that monetary poverty measures cannot easily replicate under current conditions: it identifies the specific dimensional profile of deprivation, tracks how that profile shifts under shock exposure, and signals when headcount-focused programming is likely to address the wrong constraint. It also highlights the importance of understanding poverty as a multidimensional resilience challenge that extends beyond households to the systems, institutions and environments within which they live. Sustaining this kind of multidimensional evidence as Myanmar's context evolves remains essential for informing recovery programming, protecting human well-being and supporting progress toward reducing poverty in all its dimensions. L AYE R S O F DE P R I VAT I O N : M u l t i di m en si on a l Pov er t y i n M y anmar 49