Figure 10 MPI score by education level of household head Figure 10. MPI score by education level of household head Independent category comparisons show meaningful protection emerging beyond primary education 0.210 MPI score (H × A) 0.211 National MPI: 0.150 0.123 0.089 No formal education Primary education Middle education High/higher education Source: PPS 2025 (UNDP) 4.3 Conflict, Displacement and Migration as Acute Amplifiers Beyond structural disadvantage, conflict exposure and migration amplify multidimensional poverty through acute, often compounding mechanisms such as displacement, institutional barriers, documentation gaps and settlement instability. These pressures intensify deprivation well beyond what income or employment status alone would produce. Conflict exposure Conflict-affected households record the highest poverty of any group with an MPI headcount of 56.5 percent and a score of 0.271. As shown in Table 5, conflict carries the largest amplification effect of any shock type (14.2 percentage points), acting simultaneously across livelihoods, markets, mobility and service delivery. Displacement, disrupted services and livelihood loss compound existing vulnerabilities rather than acting as isolated events. Conflict-affected households record the highest multidimensional poverty of any group in this report: 56.5 percent. Conflict does not simply reduce income. It simultaneously dismantles the livelihoods, markets, services and mobility that households depend on to stay out of poverty. L AYE R S O F DE P R I VAT I O N : M u l t i di m en si on a l Pov er t y i n M y anmar 33