Modernize legal frameworks to reflect how sexual abuse happens today. Legal systems must keep pace with the realities of sexual abuse in a digital age. • Strengthen the implementation and enforcement of existing laws by investing in specialized law enforcement, judicial capacity, digital forensic capabilities and child-centred investigative procedures, while ensuring these coordinate effectively with victim services. Governments should regularly assess and address gaps between legislation and practice to ensure offences are investigated, perpetrators are held accountable and children receive timely protection and support. • Update national legislation to comprehensively cover all forms of technology-facilitated child sexual abuse and exploitation; this includes, for example, explicitly criminalizing online grooming, sexual extortion, livestreaming of abuse and the possession or viewing of child sexual abuse material, including abuse involving self-generated content and the production of AI-generated sexual content depicting children. Through Children’s Eyes Recommendations 42