Lisa Schirch 25 Spheres of Digital Peacebuilding and PeaceTech 17 indicators” as well as provide information to help monitor and evaluate the outcomes of peace-related initiatives in the field.65 Search for Common Ground (SFCG) uses mobile phone surveys to solicit feedback on their peacebuilding radio programmes in Democratic Republic of Congo and Cote D’Ivoire. These mobile surveys monitor how the public feels about the radio programmes and measure the impact of the radio programmes on public attitudes. This is particularly helpful as conflict dynamics shift. The public can send text messages in response to the surveys that provide additional insights. In South Ossetia, UNDP Georgia has also been collecting input from community network members through the Elva program to evaluate the community safety network. This monitoring and evaluation information can help support police and security responses to conflicts and potential conflicts. 10. Digital Fact-Checking to Stop Rumours The spread of false and misleading information on social media is having serious impacts on elections, democratic institutions, and conflict dynamics. Fact-checking initiatives to prebunk and debunk false information plays a role in fostering peace and stability. In Jordan, a group of students created the Fatabayyanu website to provide the first fact-checking initiative in the Middle East. Fatabayyanu means “seek clarity” and the website posts factual information on events and current affairs, particularly to address the viral spread of false information on social media. Volunteer “fact-checkers” are carefully chosen, receive training, and carry out investigations to verify the information before posting.66 11. Digital Responses to Violent Extremism and Terror Digital technologies are also used to track and respond to the way violent extremist and terror groups spread their ideology, recruit new members, and generate financial support online. The Swiss peacebuilding organisation ICT4Peace worked with the United Nations Counter-Terrorism Executive Directorate and the global tech industry on a project called “Tech Against Terror” to prevent terrorist use of the internet whilst respecting human rights. Tech Against Terror conducts workshops, publishes risks assessments, and helps small and large platforms identify best practices.67 Moonshot CV, described earlier in this report, redirects Google searches toward positive content on multiculturalism to undermine violent extremist content. Tanenbaum was one of the first peacebuilding organisations to address white supremacist terror threats. They published advice on “5 Ways to Counter Extremists on Social Media.”68 Firchow, et al. p. 37 Diana Ishaqat. “Social Media and Social Change in Jordan: Opportunities and Threats.” Toda Peace Institute. October 2019. p. 7. 67 See https://www.techagainstterrorism.org 68 Tanenbaum Centre for Interreligious Understanding. “5 Ways to Counter Extremists on Social Media.” 2016. Found at https://tanenbaum.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Five-Ways-to-Counter-Extremists-on-SocialMedia.pdf Accessed on 1 April 2020. 65 66