She noted that, fortunately, before the incident she had already learned from her peers the importance of removing work posts from her Facebook account—something that digital security training taught her much later. Meanwhile, for Journalist #2, the unpredictability of arrests has prompted him to brace for the possibility of prison term. He remarks that everyone “can also be arrested with some causes” and that he has already expected to face at least a three-year sentence. At least I could be arrested with Article 505(A) and get a threeyear sentence. So, I have already expected that and prepared for it. However, being resigned to potential arrest is atypical among our interviewees; this may stem from his position as a co-founder of a media development organisation. Low-tech and analogue inspections Contrary to prevalent reports of the SAC’s pervasive high-tech, sophisticated “digital authoritarianism,” our findings suggest that this claim might warrant further examination. Although a report by Justice for Myanmar (2021) has revealed evidence of sophisticated technology procurement such as drones and digital intelligence tools —alongside the more low-tech scanners and data recovery software—the actual extent and deployment of these technologies remains unclear. In terms of infrastructural capacity, if there is any indication, Schia & Gjesvik (2021) suggests that the government has been lacking “[t]he very concept of critical infrastructures” and “the cyber security of said infrastructures.” 6 Journalists, particularly multimedia journalists who are more visibly at risk due to their equipment, seem to indicate that the risks posed by SAC are relatively low-tech. They propose that the use of advanced technologies is likely restricted to specific areas or targeted at high-profile individuals—which resonates with research by Ryan & Tran (2022) and Bächtold (2023) arguing that the junta’s digital repression is largely limited to targeted repertoires. 6. As previously mentioned, we are cognisant that the situation may change rapidly, even from the time the report was prepared to publication. 24

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