4 | A REPRESSIVE ENVIRONMENT DEVOID OF FUNDAMENTAL FREEDOMS • Freedom of expression and information is defined in Article 19 of the UDHR and ICCPR, General Comment No. 34, and Article 23 of the ASEAN Human Rights Declaration. • Freedom of association is inscribed in Article 20 of the UDHR and Article 22 of the ICCPR. For more: • Article 19, “Myanmar: Crackdown on Freedom of Expression with 24-hour Monitoring”, 1 April 2024, https://www.article19. org/resources/myanmar-crackdown-on-freedom-of-expressionwith-24-hour-monitoring-2/ • Assistance Association for Political Prisoners, “Political Prisoners Post-Coup” dashboard, accessed 8 September 2025, https://aappb.org/ • Associated Press, “Man sentenced to 7 years of hard labor for criticizing Myanmar’s election plan”, 10 September 2025, https://apnews.com/article/myanmar-election-law-conviction966901c0e49ea5c82d823a39b9d4ef2e • Athan, “Update on Journalism and Media Safety in Myanmar”, 7 June 2025, https://athanmyanmar.org/update-on-journalismand-media-safety-in-myanmar-2/ • Data for Myanmar, “Crackdown on Digital Rights: Online Expression in the Face of Oppression in Myanmar”, February 2025, https://drive.google.com/file/d/1dBPYB2a_ m53QoAh48LXD-OsC9p6LSn13/view 23