fuel subsidies that caused Burmese fuel prices to rise 66%, the uprising began in August
2007. Citizens initially protested in demonstrations against the government’s decision. In
response, the SPDC began to arrest and beat protesters. By September, thousands of
monks took to the streets of Rangoon, Mandalay. and five other major cities throughout
Burma, not only protesting inflated fuel prices but also peacefully demanding basic
human rights for all. Within two days, on September 24, 2007, reports of over 100,000
monks demonstrating in Rangoon began to trickle into international news reports. By the
end of the month, Burmese troops and riot police began beating, arresting, and torturing
thousands of monks and supporters nationwide (Buncombe, 2007). Allegations of monks
being disrobed, burned alive, and drowned were also reported. These events were
eventually referred to as the Saffron Revolution due to the color of the monks robes.
To make matters worse, the military’s lack of concern for basic human rights
became even more apparent in May 2008 when Cyclone Nargis hit southeastern Burma.
As the second deadliest named cyclone in recorded history, Nargis made landfall in
southern Burma on May 2, 2008. While official SPDC estimates were extremely underreported, well over 100,000 people were dead or missing (Beyrer, Doocy & Robinson,
2008). The government response was a stark contrast to its domineering and overbearing
presence during the Saffron Revolution—initially not helping in any way to assist those
impacted by the storm. When Than Shwe finally allowed foreign aid to enter the country,
the government immediately attempted to distribute supplies to known supporters. The
cyclone and the regime’s handling of it forced at least the appearance of political change.
A new constitution was drafted later that same year but it did little to take any real
power from the military. Indeed, the Tatmadaw again enshrined its own privileges behind
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